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Benzyl formate

PubChem CID
7708
Structure
Benzyl formate_small.png
Benzyl formate_3D_Structure.png
Molecular Formula
Synonyms
  • Benzyl formate
  • 104-57-4
  • Benzyl methanoate
  • Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester
  • Phenylmethyl formate
Molecular Weight
136.15 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Dates
  • Create:
    2005-03-26
  • Modify:
    2025-02-01
Description
Benzylformate is a carboxylic ester. It is functionally related to a benzyl alcohol.
Benzyl formate has been reported in Vaccinium macrocarpon, Solanum stuckertii, and other organisms with data available.

1 Structures

1.1 2D Structure

Chemical Structure Depiction
Benzyl formate.png

1.2 3D Conformer

2 Names and Identifiers

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

benzyl formate
Computed by Lexichem TK 2.7.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/C8H8O2/c9-7-10-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5,7H,6H2
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.3 InChIKey

UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.4 SMILES

C1=CC=C(C=C1)COC=O
Computed by OEChem 2.3.0 (PubChem release 2024.12.12)

2.2 Molecular Formula

C8H8O2
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.3 Other Identifiers

2.3.1 CAS

104-57-4

2.3.2 European Community (EC) Number

2.3.3 UNII

2.3.4 ChEBI ID

2.3.5 DrugBank ID

2.3.6 DSSTox Substance ID

2.3.7 FEMA Number

2.3.8 HMDB ID

2.3.9 JECFA Number

841

2.3.10 KEGG ID

2.3.11 Metabolomics Workbench ID

2.3.12 Nikkaji Number

2.3.13 NSC Number

2.3.14 Wikidata

2.4 Synonyms

2.4.1 MeSH Entry Terms

benzyl formate

2.4.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

3.1 Computed Properties

Property Name
Molecular Weight
Property Value
136.15 g/mol
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
XLogP3-AA
Property Value
1.6
Reference
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
Property Value
2
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Rotatable Bond Count
Property Value
3
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Exact Mass
Property Value
136.052429494 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Monoisotopic Mass
Property Value
136.052429494 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Topological Polar Surface Area
Property Value
26.3 Ų
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Heavy Atom Count
Property Value
10
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Formal Charge
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Complexity
Property Value
95.4
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Isotope Atom Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
Property Value
1
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Compound Is Canonicalized
Property Value
Yes
Reference
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.10.14)

3.2 Experimental Properties

3.2.1 Physical Description

colourless liquid with an intense pleasant, floral-fruity odour

3.2.2 Boiling Point

202.00 to 203.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
The Good Scents Company Information System

3.2.3 Solubility

insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents, oils
miscible at room temperature (in ethanol)

3.2.4 Density

1.082-1.092

3.2.5 Refractive Index

1.508-1.518

3.2.6 Kovats Retention Index

Standard non-polar
1057 , 1043 , 1045 , 1046 , 1044 , 1044 , 1058 , 1044 , 1076 , 1057
Semi-standard non-polar
1081.6 , 1081 , 1079 , 1077.3 , 1081.2 , 1076
Standard polar
1671 , 1705 , 1687 , 1674 , 1673

3.3 SpringerMaterials Properties

3.4 Chemical Classes

3.4.1 Drugs

Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15
S55 | ZINC15PHARMA | Pharmaceuticals from ZINC15 | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.3247749

3.4.2 Food Additives

FLAVOR ENHANCER, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT -> FDA Substance added to food

3.4.3 Fragrances

Fragrance Ingredient (Benzyl formate) -> IFRA transparency List

4 Spectral Information

4.1 1D NMR Spectra

1D NMR Spectra

4.1.1 1H NMR Spectra

Instrument Name
Varian A-60
Source of Sample
The Matheson Company, Inc., East Rutherford, New Jersey
Copyright
Copyright © 2009-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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4.1.2 13C NMR Spectra

1 of 2
Source of Sample
Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
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2 of 2
Instrument Name
Bruker AM-270
Copyright
Copyright © 2002-2024 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. All Rights Reserved.
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4.1.3 17O NMR Spectra

Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024 W. Robien, Inst. of Org. Chem., Univ. of Vienna. All Rights Reserved.
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4.2 Mass Spectrometry

4.2.1 GC-MS

1 of 12
View All
Spectra ID
Instrument Type
EI-B
Ionization Mode
positive
Top 5 Peaks

91.0 99.99

90.0 80.41

136.0 60.54

77.0 32.62

79.0 32.28

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Notes
instrument=HITACHI M-80B
2 of 12
View All
Spectra ID
Instrument Type
EI-B
Ionization Mode
positive
Top 5 Peaks

91.0 99.99

90.0 89.67

136.0 70.44

79.0 35.81

108.0 34.51

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Notes
instrument=HITACHI RMU-7M

4.2.2 Other MS

1 of 2
Authors
SODA AROMATIC CO., LTD.
Instrument
HITACHI M-80B
Instrument Type
EI-B
MS Level
MS
Ionization Mode
POSITIVE
Ionization
ENERGY 70 eV
Top 5 Peaks

91 999

90 804

136 605

77 326

79 323

Thumbnail
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License
CC BY-NC-SA
2 of 2
Authors
TAJIMA S, GUNMA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
Instrument
HITACHI RMU-7M
Instrument Type
EI-B
MS Level
MS
Ionization Mode
POSITIVE
Ionization
ENERGY 70 eV
Top 5 Peaks

91 999

90 897

136 704

79 358

108 345

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License
CC BY-NC-SA

4.3 IR Spectra

4.3.1 FTIR Spectra

1 of 2
Technique
CAPILLARY CELL: NEAT
Source of Sample
The Matheson Company, Inc., East Rutherford, New Jersey
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
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2 of 2
Instrument Name
Bruker Tensor 27 FT-IR
Technique
Neat
Source of Spectrum
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
Source of Sample
Alfa Aesar, Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog Number
L13405
Lot Number
10156684
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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4.3.2 ATR-IR Spectra

1 of 2
Technique
ATR-Cylindrical Internal Reflectance (CIR)
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
2 of 2
Instrument Name
Bruker Tensor 27 FT-IR
Technique
ATR-Neat (DuraSamplIR II)
Source of Spectrum
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
Source of Sample
Alfa Aesar, Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog Number
L13405
Lot Number
10156684
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
Thumbnail

4.3.3 Vapor Phase IR Spectra

1 of 2
Technique
Vapor Phase
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
2 of 2
Instrument Name
DIGILAB FTS-14
Technique
Vapor Phase
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
Thumbnail

4.4 Raman Spectra

Instrument Name
Bruker MultiRAM Stand Alone FT-Raman Spectrometer
Technique
FT-Raman
Source of Spectrum
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
Source of Sample
Alfa Aesar, Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog Number
L13405
Lot Number
10156684
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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6 Chemical Vendors

7 Food Additives and Ingredients

7.1 Food Additive Classes

Flavoring Agents
JECFA Functional Classes
Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT;

7.2 FEMA Flavor Profile

Fruit

7.3 FDA Substances Added to Food

Used for (Technical Effect)
FLAVOR ENHANCER, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT
Document Number (21 eCFR)
FEMA Number
2145
GRAS Number
3
JECFA Flavor Number
841

7.4 Associated Foods

7.5 Evaluations of the Joint FAO / WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives - JECFA

1 of 2
Chemical Name
BENZYL FORMATE
Evaluation Year
2001
ADI
No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent
Tox Monograph
2 of 2
Chemical Name
BENZYL METHANOATE
Evaluation Year
2001
ADI
No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent
Tox Monograph

8 Pharmacology and Biochemistry

8.1 Human Metabolite Information

8.1.1 Cellular Locations

  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular

9 Use and Manufacturing

9.1 Uses

EPA CPDat Chemical and Product Categories
The Chemical and Products Database, a resource for exposure-relevant data on chemicals in consumer products, Scientific Data, volume 5, Article number: 180125 (2018), DOI:10.1038/sdata.2018.125

9.1.1 Use Classification

Food additives -> Flavoring Agents
Fragrance Ingredients
Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT; -> JECFA Functional Classes
Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index

9.2 General Manufacturing Information

EPA TSCA Commercial Activity Status
Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester: ACTIVE

10 Safety and Hazards

10.1 Hazards Identification

10.1.1 GHS Classification

Pictogram(s)
Irritant
Signal
Warning
GHS Hazard Statements
H302 (> 99.9%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
Precautionary Statement Codes

P264, P270, P301+P317, P330, and P501

(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.)

ECHA C&L Notifications Summary

Aggregated GHS information provided per 1700 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown.

10.1.2 Hazard Classes and Categories

Acute Tox. 3 (> 99.9%)

10.2 Regulatory Information

The Australian Inventory of Industrial Chemicals
Chemical: Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester
REACH Registered Substance
New Zealand EPA Inventory of Chemical Status
Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

10.3 Other Safety Information

Chemical Assessment
IMAP assessments - Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester: Human health tier I assessment

11 Toxicity

11.1 Toxicological Information

11.1.1 Acute Effects

12 Literature

12.1 Consolidated References

12.2 NLM Curated PubMed Citations

12.3 Springer Nature References

12.4 Thieme References

12.5 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

12.6 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

12.7 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

13 Patents

13.1 Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers

13.2 WIPO PATENTSCOPE

13.3 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

13.4 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

13.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

14 Interactions and Pathways

14.1 Protein Bound 3D Structures

14.2 Chemical-Target Interactions

15 Biological Test Results

15.1 BioAssay Results

16 Taxonomy

The LOTUS Initiative for Open Natural Products Research: frozen dataset union wikidata (with metadata) | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5794106

17 Classification

17.1 MeSH Tree

17.2 ChEBI Ontology

17.3 ChemIDplus

17.4 UN GHS Classification

17.5 EPA CPDat Classification

17.6 NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification

17.7 EPA DSSTox Classification

17.8 EPA TSCA and CDR Classification

17.9 LOTUS Tree

17.10 EPA Substance Registry Services Tree

17.11 MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology

18 Information Sources

  1. Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme (AICIS)
  2. CAS Common Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The data from CAS Common Chemistry is provided under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
  3. ChemIDplus
    ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classification
    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/ChemIDplus
  4. DrugBank
    LICENSE
    Creative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode)
    https://www.drugbank.ca/legal/terms_of_use
  5. DTP/NCI
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise indicated, all text within NCI products is free of copyright and may be reused without our permission. Credit the National Cancer Institute as the source.
    https://www.cancer.gov/policies/copyright-reuse
  6. EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
    Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester
    https://www.epa.gov/chemicals-under-tsca
    EPA TSCA Classification
    https://www.epa.gov/tsca-inventory
  7. EPA DSSTox
    CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Chemical Lists
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/
  8. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
    LICENSE
    Use of the information, documents and data from the ECHA website is subject to the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice, and subject to other binding limitations provided for under applicable law, the information, documents and data made available on the ECHA website may be reproduced, distributed and/or used, totally or in part, for non-commercial purposes provided that ECHA is acknowledged as the source: "Source: European Chemicals Agency, http://echa.europa.eu/". Such acknowledgement must be included in each copy of the material. ECHA permits and encourages organisations and individuals to create links to the ECHA website under the following cumulative conditions: Links can only be made to webpages that provide a link to the Legal Notice page.
    https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/legal-notice
  9. FDA Global Substance Registration System (GSRS)
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise noted, the contents of the FDA website (www.fda.gov), both text and graphics, are not copyrighted. They are in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from FDA. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the source is appreciated but not required.
    https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/about-website/website-policies#linking
  10. Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
    LICENSE
    HMDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (HMDB) and the original publication (see the HMDB citing page). We ask that users who download significant portions of the database cite the HMDB paper in any resulting publications.
    http://www.hmdb.ca/citing
  11. International Fragrance Association (IFRA)
    LICENSE
    (c) The International Fragrance Association, 2007-2021. All rights reserved.
    https://ifrafragrance.org/links/copyright
  12. New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority (EPA)
    LICENSE
    This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International licence.
    https://www.epa.govt.nz/about-this-site/general-copyright-statement/
  13. ChEBI
  14. LOTUS - the natural products occurrence database
    LICENSE
    The code for LOTUS is released under the GNU General Public License v3.0.
    https://lotus.nprod.net/
  15. EPA Chemical and Products Database (CPDat)
  16. EU Food Improvement Agents
  17. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
    LICENSE
    Permission from WHO is not required for the use of WHO materials issued under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Intergovernmental Organization (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO) licence.
    https://www.who.int/about/policies/publishing/copyright
  18. FDA Substances Added to Food
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise noted, the contents of the FDA website (www.fda.gov), both text and graphics, are not copyrighted. They are in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from FDA. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the source is appreciated but not required.
    https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/about-website/website-policies#linking
  19. Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA)
  20. FooDB
    LICENSE
    FooDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (FooDB) and the original publication.
    https://foodb.ca/about
  21. MassBank of North America (MoNA)
    LICENSE
    The content of the MoNA database is licensed under CC BY 4.0.
    https://mona.fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/documentation/license
  22. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
    LICENSE
    Data covered by the Standard Reference Data Act of 1968 as amended.
    https://www.nist.gov/srd/public-law
    Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester
    http://www.nist.gov/srd/nist1a.cfm
  23. SpectraBase
    FORMIC ACID, PHENYLMETHYL ESTER
    https://spectrabase.com/spectrum/IEHUc9eOGpo
    FORMIC ACID, PHENYLMETHYL ESTER
    https://spectrabase.com/spectrum/JB7arVV7IMV
  24. Japan Chemical Substance Dictionary (Nikkaji)
  25. KEGG
    LICENSE
    Academic users may freely use the KEGG website. Non-academic use of KEGG generally requires a commercial license
    https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/legal.html
  26. KNApSAcK Species-Metabolite Database
  27. Natural Product Activity and Species Source (NPASS)
  28. MassBank Europe
  29. Metabolomics Workbench
  30. NMRShiftDB
  31. NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
    LICENSE
    Data: CC-BY 4.0; Code (hosted by ECI, LCSB): Artistic-2.0
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    Formic acid, phenylmethyl ester
    NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification
    https://www.norman-network.com/nds/SLE/
  32. Springer Nature
  33. SpringerMaterials
  34. Thieme Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The Thieme Chemistry contribution within PubChem is provided under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
  35. Wikidata
  36. PubChem
  37. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
    LICENSE
    Works produced by the U.S. government are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any such works found on National Library of Medicine (NLM) Web sites may be freely used or reproduced without permission in the U.S.
    https://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html
  38. GHS Classification (UNECE)
  39. EPA Substance Registry Services
  40. MolGenie
    MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology
    https://github.com/MolGenie/ontology/
  41. PATENTSCOPE (WIPO)
CONTENTS