DNA oxidative demethylase ALKBH2 (human)
Protein
Encoding Gene
Taxonomy
Dates
- Create:2017-04-15
- Modify:2025-01-17
Description
A DNA oxidative demethylase ALKBH2 that is encoded in the genome of human.
Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated nucleic acid bases by direct reversal oxidative dealkylation. Can process both double-stranded (ds) and single-stranded (ss) DNA substrates, with a strong preference for dsDNA (PMID: 12486230, PMID: 12594517, PMID: 16174769, PMID: 20714506, PMID: 23972994, PMID: 25797601). Uses molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate and iron as cofactors to oxidize the alkyl groups that are subsequently released as aldehydes, regenerating the undamaged bases. Probes the base pair stability, locates a weakened base pair and flips the damaged base to accommodate the lesion in its active site for efficient catalysis (PMID: 18432238, PMID: 22659876). Repairs monoalkylated bases, specifically N1-methyladenine and N3-methylcytosine, as well as higher order alkyl adducts such as bases modified with exocyclic bridged adducts known as etheno adducts including 1,N6-ethenoadenine, 3,N4-ethenocytosine and 1,N2-ethenoguanine (PMID: 12486230, PMID: 12594517, PMID: 16174769, PMID: 20714506, PMID: 23972994, PMID: 25797601, PMID: 26408825). Acts as a gatekeeper of genomic integrity under alkylation stress. Efficiently repairs alkylated lesions in ribosomal DNA (rDNA). These lesions can cause ss- and dsDNA strand breaks that severely impair rDNA transcription (PMID: 23972994). In a response mechanism to DNA damage, associates with PCNA at replication forks to repair alkylated adducts prior to replication (PMID: 19736315, PMID: 26408825).
- DNA oxidative demethylase ALKBH2
- EC 1.14.11.33
- Alkylated DNA repair protein alkB homolog 2
- Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase alkB homolog 2
- Oxy DC1
- Alkylated DNA Repair Protein AlkB Homolog 2
- Alpha-ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase AlkB Homolog 2
- DNA Oxidative Demethylase ALKBH2
- Oxy DC1 Protein
>sp|Q6NS38|ALKB2_HUMAN DNA oxidative demethylase ALKBH2 (Run BLAST)
MDRFLVKGAQGGLLRKQEEQEPTGEEPAVLGGDKESTRKRPRREAPGNGGHSAGPSWRHIRAEGLDCSYTVLFGKAEADEIFQELEKEVEYFTGALARVQVFGKWHSVPRKQATYGDAGLTYTFSGLTLSPKPWIPVLERIRDHVSGVTGQTFNFVLINRYKDGCDHIGEHRDDERELAPGSPIASVSFGACRDFVFRHKDSRGKSPSRRVAVVRLPLAHGSLLMMNHPTNTHWYHSLPVRKKVLAPRVNLTFRKILLTKK
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605
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