An official website of the United States government

Interleukin-9 (human)

Protein
Encoding Gene
Dates
  • Create:
    2017-04-15
  • Modify:
    2025-01-27
Description
An interleukin-9 that is encoded in the genome of human.
Multifunctional cytokine secreted mainly by T-helper 2 lymphocytes and also mast cells or NKT cells that plays important roles in the immune response against parasites (PMID: 29742432). Affects intestinal epithelial permeability and adaptive immunity (PMID: 29742432). In addition, induces the differentiation of specific T-cell subsets such as IL-17 producing helper T-cells (TH17) and also proliferation and differentiation of mast cells. Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL9R subunit and a signal transducing subunit IL2RG. Receptor stimulation results in the rapid activation of JAK1 and JAK3 kinase activities leading to STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5-mediated transcriptional programs. Induction of differentiation genes seems to be mediated by STAT1 alone, while protection of cells from apoptosis depends on STAT3 and STAT5.

1 Names and Identifiers

1.1 Synonyms

  • Interleukin-9
  • IL-9
  • Cytokine P40
  • T-cell growth factor P40

1.2 Other Identifiers

1.2.1 RefSeq Accession

1.2.2 UniProt ID

1.2.3 NCI Thesaurus Code

1.2.4 PRO ID

1.2.5 ChEMBL Target ID

1.2.6 GlyCosmos Protein

1.2.7 Pharos Target

1.2.8 Open Targets ID

1.2.9 STRING Protein ID

1.2.10 Wikidata

1.2.11 neXtProt Accession

1.2.12 HPA ID

1.2.13 InterPro Protein

3 Sequence

>sp|P15248|IL9_HUMAN Interleukin-9 (Run BLAST)

MLLAMVLTSALLLCSVAGQGCPTLAGILDINFLINKMQEDPASKCHCSANVTSCLCLGIPSDNCTRPCFSERLSQMTNTTMQTRYPLIFSRVKKSVEVLKNNKCPYFSCEQPCNQTTAGNALTFLKSLLEIFQKEKMRGMRGKI

4 3D Structures

4.1 PDB Structures

4.2 AlphaFold Structures

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605

5 Domains

5.1 InterPro Domains

6 Diseases and Phenotypes

6.1 Protein-Disease Associations

7 Interactions and Pathways

7.1 Interactions

7.2 Pathways

8 Biochemical Reactions

9 Target Development Level

10 Literature

10.1 Consolidated References

11 Patents

12 Classification

12.1 NCI Thesaurus Tree

13 Information Sources

  1. NCBI Protein
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  2. PubChem
  3. BioGRID
    LICENSE
    The MIT License (MIT); Copyright Mike Tyers Lab
    https://wiki.thebiogrid.org/doku.php/terms_and_conditions
  4. Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP)
    LICENSE
    All DIP database records available under the terms set by the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
    https://dip.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/dip/termsofuse.html
  5. STRING: functional protein association networks
  6. ChEMBL
    LICENSE
    Access to the web interface of ChEMBL is made under the EBI's Terms of Use (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html). The ChEMBL data is made available on a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/).
    http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html
  7. GlyCosmos Glycoscience Portal
    LICENSE
    All copyrightable parts of the datasets in GlyCosmos are under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License.
    https://glycosmos.org/license
  8. Human Protein Atlas (HPA)
    LICENSE
    The Human Protein Atlas is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 International License for all copyrightable parts of our database.
    https://www.proteinatlas.org/about/licence
  9. InterPro
    LICENSE
    All of the InterPro, Pfam, PRINTS and SFLD downloadable data provided on the InterPro website is freely available under CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication.
    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/about/license/
  10. NCI Thesaurus (NCIt)
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise indicated, all text within NCI products is free of copyright and may be reused without our permission. Credit the National Cancer Institute as the source.
    https://www.cancer.gov/policies/copyright-reuse
  11. Open Targets
    LICENSE
    Datasets generated by the Open Targets Platform are freely available for download.
    https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  12. Pharos
    LICENSE
    Data accessed from Pharos and TCRD is publicly available from the primary sources listed above. Please respect their individual licenses regarding proper use and redistribution.
    https://pharos.nih.gov/about
  13. Protein Ontology
    LICENSE
    PRO is distributed under the Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
  14. UniProt
    LICENSE
    We have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.
    https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
  15. RCSB Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)
    LICENSE
    Data files contained in the PDB archive (ftp://ftp.wwpdb.org) are free of all copyright restrictions and made fully and freely available for both non-commercial and commercial use. Users of the data should attribute the original authors of that structural data.
    https://www.rcsb.org/pages/policies
  16. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics neXtProt
    LICENSE
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
    https://www.nextprot.org/help/faq
  17. Therapeutic Target Database (TTD)
  18. Wikidata
  19. AlphaFold DB
    LICENSE
    All of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.
    https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
CONTENTS