An official website of the United States government

activated TAK1 mediates p38 MAPK activation

Source
Taxonomic Scope
organism_specific
Category
pathway
Dates
  • Create:
    2019-01-17
  • Modify:
    2025-01-01
Description
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) belongs to a highly conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The p38 MAPK-dependent signaling cascade is activated by pro-inflammatory or stressful stimuli such as ultraviolet radiation, oxidative injury, heat shock, cytokines, and other pro-inflammatory stimuli. p38 MAPK exists as four isoforms (alpha, beta, gamma, and delta). Of these, p38alpha and p38beta are ubiquitously expressed while p38gamma and p38delta are differentially expressed depending on tissue type. Each isoform is activated by upstream kinases including MAP kinase kinases (MKK) 3, 4, and 6, which in turn are phosphorylated by activated TAK1 at the typical Ser-Xaa-Ala-Xaa-Thr motif in their activation loops. Once p38 MAPK is phosphorylated it activates numerous downstream substrates, including MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 and 3 (MAPKAPK-2 or 3) and mitogen and stress-activated kinase-1/2 (MSK1/2). MAPKAPK-2/3 and MSK1/2 function to phosphorylate heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and cAMP-response element binding protein transcriptional factor, respectively. Other transcription factors, including activating transcription factor 2, Elk, CHOP/GADD153, and myocyte enhancer factor 2, are known to be regulated by these kinases.

1 Identity

1.1 Source

1.2 External ID

2 Interactions

3 Chemicals

4 Proteins

4.1 GlycoProteins

5 Genes

7 Literature

7.1 Consolidated References

8 Information Sources

  1. Reactome
    LICENSE
    Reactome is an open source and open access resource, available to anyone and covered by two Creative Commons licenses: the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain (CC0) License apply to all Reactome annotation files, e.g. identifier mapping data, specialized data files, and interaction data derived from Reactome; the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License apply to all software and code, e.g. relating to the functionality of the reactome.org, derived websites and webservices, the Curator Tool, the Functional Interaction application, SQL and Graph Database data dumps, and Pathway Illustrations (Enhanced High-Level Diagrams), Icon Library, Art and Branding Materials.
    https://reactome.org/license
  2. PubChem
  3. GlyCosmos Glycoscience Portal
    LICENSE
    All copyrightable parts of the datasets in GlyCosmos are under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License.
    https://glycosmos.org/license
CONTENTS