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ZDHHC9 - zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 9 (human)

Gene
Symbol
Dates
  • Create:
    2016-09-14
  • Modify:
    2025-01-17
Description
This gene encodes an integral membrane protein that is a member of the zinc finger DHHC domain-containing protein family. The encoded protein forms a complex with golgin subfamily A member 7 and functions as a palmitoyltransferase. This protein specifically palmitoylates HRAS and NRAS. Mutations in this gene are associated with X-linked cognitive disability. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode the same protein.[provided by RefSeq, May 2010]
Enables Ras palmitoyltransferase activity. Involved in peptidyl-L-cysteine S-palmitoylation; positive regulation by host of viral process; and positive regulation of defense response. Located in Golgi membrane; cytosol; and endoplasmic reticulum. Part of palmitoyltransferase complex. Implicated in syndromic X-linked intellectual disability Raymond type.

1 Names and Identifiers

1.1 Synonyms

  • CGI89
  • CXorf11
  • DHHC9
  • MMSA1
  • MRXSR
  • MRXSZ
  • ZDHHC10
  • ZNF379
  • ZNF380
  • palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC9
  • Asp-His-His-Cys domain containing protein 9
  • antigen MMSA-1
  • zinc finger DHHC-type containing 9
  • zinc finger protein 379
  • zinc finger protein 380
  • zinc finger, DHHC domain containing 10

1.2 Other Identifiers

1.2.1 HGNC ID

1.2.2 Ensembl ID

1.2.3 Alliance Gene ID

1.2.4 Bgee Gene ID

1.2.5 Enzyme Commission (EC) Number

1.2.6 GenCC ID

1.2.7 KEGG Gene

1.2.8 MIM Number

1.2.9 NCI Thesaurus Code

1.2.10 Open Targets ID

1.2.11 PharmGKB ID

1.2.12 Pharos Target

1.2.13 VEuPathDB ID

1.2.14 Wikidata

3 Proteins

3.1 Protein Function

Palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates, such as ADRB2, GSDMD, HRAS, NRAS and CGAS (PMID: 16000296, PMID: 27481942, PMID: 37802025, PMID: 38530158, PMID: 38599239). The ZDHHC9-GOLGA7 complex is a palmitoyltransferase specific for HRAS and NRAS (PMID: 16000296). May have a palmitoyltransferase activity toward the beta-2 adrenergic receptor/ADRB2 and therefore regulate G protein-coupled receptor signaling (PMID: 27481942). Acts as a regulator of innate immunity by catalyzing palmitoylation of CGAS, thereby promoting CGAS homodimerization and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase activity (PMID: 37802025). Activates pyroptosis by catalyzing palmitoylation of gasdermin-D (GSDMD), thereby promoting membrane translocation and pore formation of GSDMD (PMID: 38530158, PMID: 38599239).

(Microbial infection) Through a sequential action with ZDHHC20, rapidly and efficiently palmitoylates SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 spike protein following its synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In the infected cell, promotes spike biogenesis by protecting it from premature ER degradation, increases half-life and controls the lipid organization of its immediate membrane environment. Once the virus has formed, spike palmitoylation controls fusion with the target cell.

3.2 Protein 3D Structures

3.2.1 PDB Structures

3.2.2 AlphaFold Structures

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605

3.3 Protein Targets

4 BioAssays

4.1 RNAi BioAssays

5 Diseases and Phenotypes

5.1 KEGG Diseases

5.2 OMIM Phenotypes

5.3 MedGen Diseases

5.4 Gene-Disease Associations

6 Interactions and Pathways

6.1 Chemical-Gene Interactions

6.2 Interactions

6.3 Pathways

7 Biochemical Reactions

8 Expression

9 Target Development Level

10 Literature

10.1 Consolidated References

10.2 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.3 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.4 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

11 Patents

11.1 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.2 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.3 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

12 Classification

12.1 Gene Family

12.2 NCI Thesaurus Tree

12.3 Gene Ontology: Biological Process

12.4 Gene Ontology: Cellular Component

12.5 Gene Ontology: Molecular Function

13 Information Sources

  1. NCBI Gene
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  2. PubChem
  3. Alliance of Genome Resources
    LICENSE
    All annotations and data produced by Alliance members that are accessible from alliancegenome.org are distributed under a CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    https://www.alliancegenome.org/privacy-warranty-licensing
  4. BioGRID
    LICENSE
    The MIT License (MIT); Copyright Mike Tyers Lab
    https://wiki.thebiogrid.org/doku.php/terms_and_conditions
  5. STRING: functional protein association networks
  6. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
    LICENSE
    It is to be used only for research and educational purposes. Any reproduction or use for commercial purpose is prohibited without the prior express written permission of NC State University.
    http://ctdbase.org/about/legal.jsp
  7. Open Targets
    LICENSE
    Datasets generated by the Open Targets Platform are freely available for download.
    https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  8. Gene Curation Coalition (GenCC)
    LICENSE
    The GenCC data are available free of restriction under a CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication.
    https://thegencc.org/terms.html
    ZDHHC9
  9. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
    LICENSE
    No restrictions are imposed on access to, or use of, the data provided by the HGNC, which are provided to enhance knowledge and encourage progress in the scientific community.
    https://www.genenames.org/about/
  10. KEGG
    LICENSE
    Academic users may freely use the KEGG website. Non-academic use of KEGG generally requires a commercial license
    https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/legal.html
  11. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
  12. NCBI MedGen
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    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  13. NCI Thesaurus (NCIt)
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    Unless otherwise indicated, all text within NCI products is free of copyright and may be reused without our permission. Credit the National Cancer Institute as the source.
    https://www.cancer.gov/policies/copyright-reuse
  14. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)
    LICENSE
    The OMIM database is made available to the general public subject to certain restrictions.
    https://omim.org/help/copyright
  15. PharmGKB
    LICENSE
    PharmGKB data are subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareALike 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).
    https://www.pharmgkb.org/page/policies
  16. Pharos
    LICENSE
    Data accessed from Pharos and TCRD is publicly available from the primary sources listed above. Please respect their individual licenses regarding proper use and redistribution.
    https://pharos.nih.gov/about
  17. RCSB Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)
    LICENSE
    Data files contained in the PDB archive (ftp://ftp.wwpdb.org) are free of all copyright restrictions and made fully and freely available for both non-commercial and commercial use. Users of the data should attribute the original authors of that structural data.
    https://www.rcsb.org/pages/policies
  18. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Bgee
    LICENSE
    Creative Commons Zero license (CC0)
    https://www.bgee.org/about/
  19. UniProt
    LICENSE
    We have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.
    https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
  20. VEuPathDB: The Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Informatics Resource
    LICENSE
    All data on VEuPathDB websites are provided freely for public use.
    https://veupathdb.org/veupathdb/app/static-content/about.html
  21. Wikidata
  22. Gene Ontology (GO)
    LICENSE
    Gene Ontology Consortium data and data products are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode)
    http://geneontology.org/docs/go-citation-policy/
  23. AlphaFold DB
    LICENSE
    All of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.
    https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
  24. Rhea - annotated reactions database
    LICENSE
    Rhea has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display and make commercial use of the database in all legislations, provided you credit (cite) Rhea.
    https://www.rhea-db.org/help/license-disclaimer
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