APOBEC3A_B - APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B deletion hybrid (human)
Gene
Symbol
Taxonomy
Dates
- Create:2016-09-14
- Modify:2025-01-19
Description
This gene is a member of the cytidine deaminase gene family. It is one of seven related genes or pseudogenes found in a cluster, thought to result from gene duplication, on chromosome 22. Members of the cluster encode proteins that are structurally and functionally related to the C to U RNA-editing cytidine deaminase APOBEC1. The protein encoded by the APOBEC3A_B gene lacks the zinc binding activity of other family members. The protein plays a role in immunity, by restricting transmission of foreign DNA such as viruses. One mechanism of foreign DNA restriction is deamination of foreign double-stranded DNA cytidines to uridines, which leads to DNA degradation. However, other mechanisms are also thought to be involved, as anti-viral effect is not dependent on deaminase activity. The protein encoded by the APOBEC3A_B gene is the same as that encoded by APOBEC3A; however, this gene is a hybrid gene that results from the deletion of approximately 29.5 kb of sequence between the APOBEC3A gene and the adjacent gene APOBEC3B. The breakpoints of the deletion are within the two genes, so the deletion hybrid is predicted to have the promoter and coding region of APOBEC3A, but the 3' UTR of APOBEC3B. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]
Enables cytidine deaminase activity. Involved in defense response to symbiont; epigenetic regulation of gene expression; and negative regulation of viral genome replication. Located in cytoplasm and nucleoplasm.
- A3A
- APOBEC3A
- probable DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A
- DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3A
- Phorbolin-1
DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) with restriction activity against viruses, foreign DNA and mobility of retrotransposons. Exhibits antiviral activity against adeno-associated virus (AAV) and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and may inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and can deaminate both methylcytosine and cytosine in foreign DNA. Can induce somatic hypermutation in the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. May also play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through the process of active DNA demethylation.
Isoform
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605
- NCBI GeneLICENSENCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimershttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
- PubChem
- Alliance of Genome ResourcesLICENSEAll annotations and data produced by Alliance members that are accessible from alliancegenome.org are distributed under a CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).https://www.alliancegenome.org/privacy-warranty-licensing
- Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)LICENSEIt is to be used only for research and educational purposes. Any reproduction or use for commercial purpose is prohibited without the prior express written permission of NC State University.http://ctdbase.org/about/legal.jsp
- GlyCosmos Glycoscience PortalLICENSEAll copyrightable parts of the datasets in GlyCosmos are under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License.https://glycosmos.org/license
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)LICENSENo restrictions are imposed on access to, or use of, the data provided by the HGNC, which are provided to enhance knowledge and encourage progress in the scientific community.https://www.genenames.org/about/
- NCI Thesaurus (NCIt)LICENSEUnless otherwise indicated, all text within NCI products is free of copyright and may be reused without our permission. Credit the National Cancer Institute as the source.https://www.cancer.gov/policies/copyright-reuseNCI Thesaurushttps://ncit.nci.nih.gov
- Open TargetsLICENSEDatasets generated by the Open Targets Platform are freely available for download.https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
- PharmGKBLICENSEPharmGKB data are subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareALike 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).https://www.pharmgkb.org/page/policies
- PharosLICENSEData accessed from Pharos and TCRD is publicly available from the primary sources listed above. Please respect their individual licenses regarding proper use and redistribution.https://pharos.nih.gov/about
- RCSB Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)LICENSEData files contained in the PDB archive (ftp://ftp.wwpdb.org) are free of all copyright restrictions and made fully and freely available for both non-commercial and commercial use. Users of the data should attribute the original authors of that structural data.https://www.rcsb.org/pages/policies
- STRING: functional protein association networks
- UniProtLICENSEWe have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
- VEuPathDB: The Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Informatics ResourceLICENSEAll data on VEuPathDB websites are provided freely for public use.https://veupathdb.org/veupathdb/app/static-content/about.html
- WikidataAPOBEC3A_Bhttps://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18073707
- ChEMBLLICENSEAccess to the web interface of ChEMBL is made under the EBI's Terms of Use (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html). The ChEMBL data is made available on a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/).http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.htmlChEMBL Protein Target Treehttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/targets
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics ENZYMELICENSECopyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).https://enzyme.expasy.org/enzyme.getEnzyme Classificationhttps://enzyme.expasy.org/
- AlphaFold DBLICENSEAll of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
- Rhea - annotated reactions databaseLICENSERhea has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display and make commercial use of the database in all legislations, provided you credit (cite) Rhea.https://www.rhea-db.org/help/license-disclaimer
CONTENTS