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CDC42 - cell division cycle 42 (human)

Gene
Symbol
Dates
  • Create:
    2016-09-14
  • Modify:
    2025-01-29
Description
The protein encoded by the CDC42 gene is a small GTPase of the Rho-subfamily, which regulates signaling pathways that control diverse cellular functions including cell morphology, migration, endocytosis and cell cycle progression. This protein is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc 42, and is able to complement the yeast cdc42-1 mutant. The product of oncogene Dbl was reported to specifically catalyze the dissociation of GDP from this protein. This protein could regulate actin polymerization through its direct binding to Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP), which subsequently activates Arp2/3 complex. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene have been identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 20. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013]
Enables several functions, including GBD domain binding activity; GTP binding activity; and enzyme binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cell surface receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis; and regulation of cell cycle process. Located in several cellular components, including filopodium; microtubule cytoskeleton; and midbody. Part of Golgi transport complex. Implicated in fibrosarcoma. Biomarker of Alzheimer's disease; bipolar disorder; pancreatic cancer; and rhinitis.

1 Names and Identifiers

1.1 Synonyms

  • CDC42Hs
  • G25K
  • TKS
  • cell division control protein 42 homolog
  • G25K GTP-binding protein
  • GTP binding protein, 25kDa
  • dJ224A6.1.1 (cell division cycle 42 (GTP-binding protein, 25kD))
  • dJ224A6.1.2 (cell division cycle 42 (GTP-binding protein, 25kD))
  • growth-regulating protein
  • small GTP binding protein CDC42

1.1.1 MeSH Entry Terms

  • Cell Division Control Protein 42 Homolog
  • Cell Division Cycle 42 Protein
  • G25K GTP-Binding Protein
  • G25K GTP-Binding Protein, Placental Isoform
  • G25K Protein
  • cdc42 Protein
  • p21 cdc42

1.2 Other Identifiers

1.2.1 HGNC ID

1.2.2 Ensembl ID

1.2.3 Alliance Gene ID

1.2.4 Bgee Gene ID

1.2.5 Enzyme Commission (EC) Number

1.2.6 GenCC ID

1.2.7 GlyCosmos Gene

1.2.8 KEGG Gene

1.2.9 MIM Number

1.2.10 NCI Thesaurus Code

1.2.11 Open Targets ID

1.2.12 PharmGKB ID

1.2.13 Pharos Target

1.2.14 VEuPathDB ID

1.2.15 Wikidata

3 Proteins

3.1 Protein Function

Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase (PMID: 15642749). Regulates cell migration (PMID: 17038317, PMID: 22843693). In neurons, plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of filopodia, thin and actin-rich surface projections (PMID: 14978216). Required for DOCK10-mediated spine formation in Purkinje cells and hippocampal neurons. In podocytes, facilitates filopodia and podosomes formation upon DOCK11-activation (PMID: 33523862). Upon activation by CaMKII, modulates dendritic spine structural plasticity by relaying CaMKII transient activation to synapse-specific, long-term signaling (By similarity). Also plays a role in phagocytosis through organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton associated with forming phagocytic cups (PMID: 26465210). Upon activation by PLEKHG4B, involved in actin cytoskeletal remodeling during epithelial cell-cell junction formation (PMID: 33310911).

3.2 Protein Isoforms

Isoform
Isoform 2
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 2
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 1
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession

3.3 Protein 3D Structures

3.3.1 PDB Structures

3.3.2 NCBI Protein Structures

3.3.3 AlphaFold Structures

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605

3.4 Protein Targets

4 Chemicals and Bioactivities

4.1 Tested Compounds

5 BioAssays

5.1 Small-Molecule BioAssays

5.2 RNAi BioAssays

6 Diseases and Phenotypes

6.1 KEGG Diseases

6.2 OMIM Phenotypes

6.3 MedGen Diseases

6.4 Gene-Disease Associations

7 Interactions and Pathways

7.1 Chemical-Gene Interactions

7.2 Interactions

7.3 Pathways

8 Biochemical Reactions

9 Cell Lines

10 Expression

11 Target Development Level

12 Literature

12.1 Consolidated References

12.2 NLM Curated PubMed Citations

12.3 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

12.4 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

12.5 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

13 Patents

13.1 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

13.2 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

13.3 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

14 Classification

14.1 Gene Family

14.2 MeSH Tree

14.3 NCI Thesaurus Tree

14.4 Gene Ontology: Biological Process

14.5 Gene Ontology: Cellular Component

14.6 Gene Ontology: Molecular Function

14.7 ChEMBL Target Tree

14.8 Enzyme Classification

15 Information Sources

  1. NCBI Gene
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  2. PubChem
  3. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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    Works produced by the U.S. government are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any such works found on National Library of Medicine (NLM) Web sites may be freely used or reproduced without permission in the U.S.
    https://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html
  4. Alliance of Genome Resources
    LICENSE
    All annotations and data produced by Alliance members that are accessible from alliancegenome.org are distributed under a CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    https://www.alliancegenome.org/privacy-warranty-licensing
  5. BioGRID
    LICENSE
    The MIT License (MIT); Copyright Mike Tyers Lab
    https://wiki.thebiogrid.org/doku.php/terms_and_conditions
  6. Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP)
    LICENSE
    All DIP database records available under the terms set by the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
    https://dip.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/dip/termsofuse.html
  7. STRING: functional protein association networks
  8. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
    LICENSE
    It is to be used only for research and educational purposes. Any reproduction or use for commercial purpose is prohibited without the prior express written permission of NC State University.
    http://ctdbase.org/about/legal.jsp
  9. Drug Gene Interaction database (DGIdb)
    LICENSE
    The data used in DGIdb is all open access and where possible made available as raw data dumps in the downloads section.
    http://www.dgidb.org/downloads
  10. DrugBank
    LICENSE
    Creative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode)
    https://www.drugbank.ca/legal/terms_of_use
  11. Open Targets
    LICENSE
    Datasets generated by the Open Targets Platform are freely available for download.
    https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  12. Dependency Map (DepMap)
  13. Gene Curation Coalition (GenCC)
    LICENSE
    The GenCC data are available free of restriction under a CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication.
    https://thegencc.org/terms.html
    CDC42
  14. GlyCosmos Glycoscience Portal
    LICENSE
    All copyrightable parts of the datasets in GlyCosmos are under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License.
    https://glycosmos.org/license
  15. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
    LICENSE
    No restrictions are imposed on access to, or use of, the data provided by the HGNC, which are provided to enhance knowledge and encourage progress in the scientific community.
    https://www.genenames.org/about/
  16. KEGG
    LICENSE
    Academic users may freely use the KEGG website. Non-academic use of KEGG generally requires a commercial license
    https://www.kegg.jp/kegg/legal.html
  17. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
  18. NCBI MedGen
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  19. NCBI Structure
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  20. NCI Thesaurus (NCIt)
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise indicated, all text within NCI products is free of copyright and may be reused without our permission. Credit the National Cancer Institute as the source.
    https://www.cancer.gov/policies/copyright-reuse
  21. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)
    LICENSE
    The OMIM database is made available to the general public subject to certain restrictions.
    https://omim.org/help/copyright
  22. PharmGKB
    LICENSE
    PharmGKB data are subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareALike 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).
    https://www.pharmgkb.org/page/policies
  23. Pharos
    LICENSE
    Data accessed from Pharos and TCRD is publicly available from the primary sources listed above. Please respect their individual licenses regarding proper use and redistribution.
    https://pharos.nih.gov/about
  24. RCSB Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)
    LICENSE
    Data files contained in the PDB archive (ftp://ftp.wwpdb.org) are free of all copyright restrictions and made fully and freely available for both non-commercial and commercial use. Users of the data should attribute the original authors of that structural data.
    https://www.rcsb.org/pages/policies
  25. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Bgee
    LICENSE
    Creative Commons Zero license (CC0)
    https://www.bgee.org/about/
  26. UniProt
    LICENSE
    We have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.
    https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
  27. VEuPathDB: The Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Informatics Resource
    LICENSE
    All data on VEuPathDB websites are provided freely for public use.
    https://veupathdb.org/veupathdb/app/static-content/about.html
  28. Wikidata
  29. ChEMBL
    LICENSE
    Access to the web interface of ChEMBL is made under the EBI's Terms of Use (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html). The ChEMBL data is made available on a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/).
    http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html
  30. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics ENZYME
    LICENSE
    Copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    https://enzyme.expasy.org/enzyme.get
    Enzyme Classification
    https://enzyme.expasy.org/
  31. Gene Ontology (GO)
    LICENSE
    Gene Ontology Consortium data and data products are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode)
    http://geneontology.org/docs/go-citation-policy/
  32. AlphaFold DB
    LICENSE
    All of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.
    https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
  33. Rhea - annotated reactions database
    LICENSE
    Rhea has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display and make commercial use of the database in all legislations, provided you credit (cite) Rhea.
    https://www.rhea-db.org/help/license-disclaimer
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