PPP2R1A - protein phosphatase 2 scaffold subunit Aalpha (human)
Gene
Symbol
Taxonomy
Dates
- Create:2016-09-14
- Modify:2025-01-18
Description
This gene encodes a constant regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2. Protein phosphatase 2 is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases, and it is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. It consists of a common heteromeric core enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit and a constant regulatory subunit, that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. The constant regulatory subunit A serves as a scaffolding molecule to coordinate the assembly of the catalytic subunit and a variable regulatory B subunit. This gene encodes an alpha isoform of the constant regulatory subunit A. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]
Enables protein antigen binding activity and protein heterodimerization activity. Involved in chromosome segregation and negative regulation of hippo signaling. Located in several cellular components, including chromosome, centromeric region; lateral plasma membrane; and neuronal cell body. Part of FAR/SIN/STRIPAK complex and protein phosphatase type 2A complex. Implicated in autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder 36.
- HJS2
- MRD36
- PP2A-Aalpha
- PP2AA
- PP2AAALPHA
- PR65A
- serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform
- medium tumor antigen-associated 61 KDA protein
- protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit A, alpha
- testicular secretory protein Li 1
The PR65 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A serves as a scaffolding molecule to coordinate the assembly of the catalytic subunit and a variable regulatory B subunit. Upon interaction with GNA12 promotes dephosphorylation of microtubule associated protein TAU/MAPT (PMID: 15525651). Required for proper chromosome segregation and for centromeric localization of SGO1 in mitosis (PMID: 16580887). Together with RACK1 adapter, mediates dephosphorylation of AKT1 at 'Ser-473', preventing AKT1 activation and AKT-mTOR signaling pathway (By similarity). Dephosphorylation of AKT1 is essential for regulatory T-cells (Treg) homeostasis and stability (By similarity). Part of the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complexes. STRIPAK complexes have critical roles in protein (de)phosphorylation and are regulators of multiple signaling pathways including Hippo, MAPK, nuclear receptor and cytoskeleton remodeling. Different types of STRIPAK complexes are involved in a variety of biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism and immune regulation (PMID: 18782753, PMID: 33633399). Regulates the recruitment of the SKA complex to kinetochores (PMID: 28982702).
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605
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