Icos - inducible T cell co-stimulator (house mouse)
Gene
Symbol
Taxonomy
Dates
- Create:2016-09-14
- Modify:2025-02-02
Description
Predicted to be involved in T cell costimulation; T cell tolerance induction; and cell-cell adhesion. Located in external side of plasma membrane. Used to study common variable immunodeficiency. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in celiac disease; common variable immunodeficiency 1; and immunoglobulin alpha deficiency. Orthologous to human ICOS (inducible T cell costimulator).
- AILIM
- CCLP
- CRP-1
- H4
- Ly115
- inducible T-cell costimulator
- CD28 and CTLA-4-like protein
- CD28-related protein 1
- activation-inducible lymphocyte immunomediatory molecule
Stimulatory receptor expressed in activated or antigen-experienced T-cells that plays an important role in the immune response (PMID: 11343123). Upon binding to its ligand ICOSL expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs), delivers costimulatory signals that enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines including IL10, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells (PMID: 10657606). Acts also as a costimulatory receptor critical for the differentiation of T follicular regulatory cells upon immune challenges such as viral infection (PMID: 36754569). Mechanistically, potentiates TCR-induced calcium flux by augmenting PLCG1 activation and actin remodeling (PMID: 27693916). In addition, activates PI3K signaling pathways independently of calcium flux (PMID: 19915142, PMID: 27693916). Essential both for efficient interaction between T and B-cells and for normal antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigens. Prevents the apoptosis of pre-activated T-cells. Plays a critical role in CD40-mediated class switching of immunoglobin isotypes (PMID: 11343122).
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605
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