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4CL3 - 4-coumarate:CoA ligase 3 (thale cress)

Gene
Symbol
Dates
  • Create:
    2016-09-14
  • Modify:
    2025-01-03
Description
encodes an isoform of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL), which is involved in the last step of the general phenylpropanoid pathway. mRNA levels are not induced in response to wounding or to fungal infection by P. parasitica. mRNA is expressed in flowers, to a lesser degree in mature leaves and siliques and marginally in seedling roots and bolting stems of mature plants. The catalytic efficiency was in the following (descending) order: p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid and 5-OH-ferulic acid. At4CL3 was unable to use sinapic acid as substrate.

1 Names and Identifiers

1.1 Synonyms

  • 4-COUMARATE:COA LIGASE
  • 4-coumarate:CoA ligase 3
  • F16G16.6
  • F16G16_6

1.2 Other Identifiers

1.2.1 Enzyme Commission (EC) Number

2 Proteins

2.1 Protein Function

Produces CoA thioesters of a variety of hydroxy- and methoxy-substituted cinnamic acids, which are used to synthesize several phenylpropanoid-derived compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, coumarins, lignin, suberin and wall-bound phenolics (PMID: 10417722). Follows a two-step reaction mechanism, wherein the carboxylate substrate first undergoes adenylation by ATP, followed by a thioesterification in the presence of CoA to yield the final CoA thioesters (By similarity).

2.2 Protein Isoforms

Isoform
Isoform 1
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession

2.3 Protein 3D Structures

2.3.1 AlphaFold Structures

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605

2.4 Protein Targets

3 Interactions and Pathways

3.1 Interactions

3.2 Pathways

4 Biochemical Reactions

5 Expression

6 Information Sources

  1. NCBI Gene
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  2. PubChem
  3. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
  4. STRING: functional protein association networks
  5. UniProt
    LICENSE
    We have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.
    https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
  6. AlphaFold DB
    LICENSE
    All of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.
    https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
  7. Rhea - annotated reactions database
    LICENSE
    Rhea has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display and make commercial use of the database in all legislations, provided you credit (cite) Rhea.
    https://www.rhea-db.org/help/license-disclaimer
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