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Pnpla2 - patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 (Norway rat)

Gene
Symbol
Dates
  • Create:
    2016-09-14
  • Modify:
    2025-01-17
Description
Predicted to enable acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity and carboxylic ester hydrolase activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including acylglycerol metabolic process; intracellular triglyceride homeostasis; and lipid droplet disassembly. Predicted to act upstream of with a negative effect on lipid droplet fusion. Predicted to act upstream of or within cellular lipid catabolic process and lipid droplet organization. Predicted to be located in cytosol; nucleoplasm; and plasma membrane. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm; lipid droplet; and membrane. Orthologous to human PNPLA2 (patatin like phospholipase domain containing 2).

1 Names and Identifiers

1.1 Synonyms

  • RGD1309044
  • patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2
  • adipose triglyceride lipase
  • calcium-independent phospholipase A2-zeta
  • iPLA2-zeta
  • patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2-like

1.2 Other Identifiers

1.2.1 Ensembl ID

1.2.2 Alliance Gene ID

1.2.3 Bgee Gene ID

1.2.4 Enzyme Commission (EC) Number

1.2.5 GlyCosmos Gene

1.2.6 RGD ID

1.2.7 Wikidata

3 Proteins

3.1 Protein Function

Catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis in adipocyte and non-adipocyte lipid droplets (By similarity). Exhibits a strong preference for the hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acid esters at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone and acts coordinately with LIPE/HLS and DGAT2 within the lipolytic cascade (By similarity). Also possesses acylglycerol transacylase and phospholipase A2 activities (By similarity). Transfers fatty acid from triglyceride to retinol, hydrolyzes retinylesters, and generates 1,3-diacylglycerol from triglycerides (By similarity). Regulates adiposome size and may be involved in the degradation of adiposomes (By similarity). Catalyzes the formation of an ester bond between hydroxy fatty acids and fatty acids derived from triglycerides or diglycerides to generate fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) in adipocytes (By similarity). Acts antagonistically with LDAH in regulation of cellular lipid stores (By similarity). Inhibits LDAH-stimulated lipid droplet fusion (By similarity). May play an important role in energy homeostasis (By similarity). May play a role in the response of the organism to starvation, enhancing hydrolysis of triglycerides and providing free fatty acids to other tissues to be oxidized in situations of energy depletion (By similarity).

3.2 Protein 3D Structures

3.2.1 AlphaFold Structures

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605

3.3 Protein Targets

4 Interactions and Pathways

4.1 Interactions

4.2 Pathways

5 Biochemical Reactions

6 Expression

7 Literature

7.1 Consolidated References

7.2 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

7.3 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

7.4 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

8 Patents

8.1 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

8.2 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

8.3 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

9 Information Sources

  1. NCBI Gene
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  2. PubChem
  3. Alliance of Genome Resources
    LICENSE
    All annotations and data produced by Alliance members that are accessible from alliancegenome.org are distributed under a CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    https://www.alliancegenome.org/privacy-warranty-licensing
  4. BioGRID
    LICENSE
    The MIT License (MIT); Copyright Mike Tyers Lab
    https://wiki.thebiogrid.org/doku.php/terms_and_conditions
  5. STRING: functional protein association networks
  6. GlyCosmos Glycoscience Portal
    LICENSE
    All copyrightable parts of the datasets in GlyCosmos are under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License.
    https://glycosmos.org/license
  7. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
  8. Rat Genome Database (RGD)
    LICENSE
    Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0)
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
  9. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Bgee
    LICENSE
    Creative Commons Zero license (CC0)
    https://www.bgee.org/about/
  10. UniProt
    LICENSE
    We have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.
    https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
  11. Wikidata
  12. AlphaFold DB
    LICENSE
    All of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.
    https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
  13. Rhea - annotated reactions database
    LICENSE
    Rhea has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display and make commercial use of the database in all legislations, provided you credit (cite) Rhea.
    https://www.rhea-db.org/help/license-disclaimer
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