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SLC27A2 - solute carrier family 27 member 2 (human)

Gene
Symbol
Dates
  • Create:
    2016-09-14
  • Modify:
    2025-01-18
Description
The protein encoded by the SLC27A2 gene is an isozyme of long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme activates long-chain, branched-chain and very-long-chain fatty acids containing 22 or more carbons to their CoA derivatives. It is expressed primarily in liver and kidney, and is present in both endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes, but not in mitochondria. Its decreased peroxisomal enzyme activity is in part responsible for the biochemical pathology in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
Enables CoA-ligase activity; enzyme binding activity; and long-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity. Involved in bile acid biosynthetic process and fatty acid metabolic process. Located in endoplasmic reticulum lumen; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; and peroxisomal membrane.

1 Names and Identifiers

1.1 Synonyms

  • ACSVL1
  • FACVL1
  • FATP2
  • HsT17226
  • VLACS
  • VLCS
  • hFACVL1
  • long-chain fatty acid transport protein 2
  • FATP-2
  • THCA-CoA ligase
  • arachidonate--CoA ligase
  • fatty acid transport protein 2
  • fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase, very long-chain 1
  • long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase
  • phytanate--CoA ligase
  • solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid transporter), member 2
  • very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase
  • very long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase 1
  • very long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase

1.1.1 MeSH Entry Terms

  • CoASH Ligase
  • Fatty Acid Thiokinase (Long Chain)
  • Nafenopin-CoA Ligase
  • Palmitoyl CoA Synthetase
  • Palmitoyl-CoA Synthase
  • Palmityl CoA Synthetase
  • Palmitoyl CoA Ligase
  • Pristanoyl-CoA Synthetase
  • VLACS Enzyme
  • Very Long Chain Fatty Acid Acyl-CoA Synthetase
  • Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase
  • VLCFA Acyl-CoA Synthetase

1.2 Other Identifiers

1.2.1 HGNC ID

1.2.2 Ensembl ID

1.2.3 Alliance Gene ID

1.2.4 Bgee Gene ID

1.2.5 Enzyme Commission (EC) Number

1.2.6 MIM Number

1.2.7 Open Targets ID

1.2.8 PharmGKB ID

1.2.9 Pharos Target

1.2.10 VEuPathDB ID

1.2.11 Wikidata

3 Proteins

3.1 Protein Function

Mediates the import of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) into the cell by facilitating their transport across cell membranes, playing an important role in hepatic fatty acid uptake (PMID: 10198260, PMID: 10749848, PMID: 11980911, PMID: 20530735, PMID: 22022213, PMID: 24269233). Also functions as an acyl-CoA ligase catalyzing the ATP-dependent formation of fatty acyl-CoA using LCFA and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) as substrates, which prevents fatty acid efflux from cells and might drive more fatty acid uptake (PMID: 10198260, PMID: 10749848, PMID: 11980911, PMID: 20530735, PMID: 22022213, PMID: 24269233). Plays a pivotal role in regulating available LCFA substrates from exogenous sources in tissues undergoing high levels of beta-oxidation or triglyceride synthesis (PMID: 20530735). Can also activate branched-chain fatty acids such as phytanic acid and pristanic acid (PMID: 10198260). May contribute to the synthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate (PMID: 24269233). Does not activate C24 bile acids, cholate and chenodeoxycholate (PMID: 11980911). In vitro, activates 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanate (THCA), the C27 precursor of cholic acid deriving from the de novo synthesis from cholesterol (PMID: 11980911). However, it is not critical for THCA activation and bile synthesis in vivo (PMID: 20530735).

Exhibits both long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) transport activity and acyl CoA synthetase towards very long-chain fatty acids (PMID: 10198260, PMID: 21768100). Shows a preference for generating CoA derivatives of n-3 fatty acids, which are preferentially trafficked into phosphatidylinositol (PMID: 21768100).

Exhibits long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) transport activity but lacks acyl CoA synthetase towards very long-chain fatty acids.

3.2 Protein Isoforms

Isoform
Isoform 1
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 2
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession

3.3 Protein 3D Structures

3.3.1 AlphaFold Structures

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605

3.4 Protein Targets

4 Chemicals and Bioactivities

4.1 Tested Compounds

5 BioAssays

5.1 Small-Molecule BioAssays

5.2 RNAi BioAssays

6 Diseases and Phenotypes

6.1 Gene-Disease Associations

7 Interactions and Pathways

7.1 Chemical-Gene Interactions

7.2 Interactions

7.3 Pathways

8 Biochemical Reactions

9 Expression

10 Target Development Level

11 Literature

11.1 Consolidated References

11.2 NLM Curated PubMed Citations

11.3 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

11.4 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

11.5 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

12 Patents

12.1 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

12.2 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

12.3 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

13 Classification

13.1 Gene Family

13.2 Gene Ontology: Biological Process

13.3 Gene Ontology: Cellular Component

13.4 Gene Ontology: Molecular Function

13.5 ChEMBL Target Tree

13.6 Enzyme Classification

14 Information Sources

  1. NCBI Gene
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  2. PubChem
  3. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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    https://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html
  4. Alliance of Genome Resources
    LICENSE
    All annotations and data produced by Alliance members that are accessible from alliancegenome.org are distributed under a CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    https://www.alliancegenome.org/privacy-warranty-licensing
  5. BioGRID
    LICENSE
    The MIT License (MIT); Copyright Mike Tyers Lab
    https://wiki.thebiogrid.org/doku.php/terms_and_conditions
  6. STRING: functional protein association networks
  7. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
    LICENSE
    It is to be used only for research and educational purposes. Any reproduction or use for commercial purpose is prohibited without the prior express written permission of NC State University.
    http://ctdbase.org/about/legal.jsp
  8. DrugBank
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    Creative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode)
    https://www.drugbank.ca/legal/terms_of_use
  9. Open Targets
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    Datasets generated by the Open Targets Platform are freely available for download.
    https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  10. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
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    No restrictions are imposed on access to, or use of, the data provided by the HGNC, which are provided to enhance knowledge and encourage progress in the scientific community.
    https://www.genenames.org/about/
  11. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
  12. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)
    LICENSE
    The OMIM database is made available to the general public subject to certain restrictions.
    https://omim.org/help/copyright
  13. PharmGKB
    LICENSE
    PharmGKB data are subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareALike 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).
    https://www.pharmgkb.org/page/policies
  14. Pharos
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    Data accessed from Pharos and TCRD is publicly available from the primary sources listed above. Please respect their individual licenses regarding proper use and redistribution.
    https://pharos.nih.gov/about
  15. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Bgee
    LICENSE
    Creative Commons Zero license (CC0)
    https://www.bgee.org/about/
  16. UniProt
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    We have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.
    https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
  17. VEuPathDB: The Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Informatics Resource
    LICENSE
    All data on VEuPathDB websites are provided freely for public use.
    https://veupathdb.org/veupathdb/app/static-content/about.html
  18. Wikidata
  19. ChEMBL
    LICENSE
    Access to the web interface of ChEMBL is made under the EBI's Terms of Use (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html). The ChEMBL data is made available on a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/).
    http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html
  20. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics ENZYME
    LICENSE
    Copyrighted by the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    https://enzyme.expasy.org/enzyme.get
    Enzyme Classification
    https://enzyme.expasy.org/
  21. Gene Ontology (GO)
    LICENSE
    Gene Ontology Consortium data and data products are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode)
    http://geneontology.org/docs/go-citation-policy/
  22. AlphaFold DB
    LICENSE
    All of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.
    https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
  23. Rhea - annotated reactions database
    LICENSE
    Rhea has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that you are free to copy, distribute, display and make commercial use of the database in all legislations, provided you credit (cite) Rhea.
    https://www.rhea-db.org/help/license-disclaimer
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