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DISODIUM METHANEARSONATE

Hazardous Substances DataBank Number
1701
Related PubChem Records
Related CIDs

1 HSDB Note

This record contains information specific to the title compound. Users with an interest in this substance are strongly encouraged to retrieve the Arsenic Compounds record, which has additional information on toxicity and environmental fate of arsenic ions and compounds.

2 Human Health Effects

2.1 Evidence for Carcinogenicity (Complete)

Cancer Classification: Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans
USEPA Office of Pesticide Programs, Health Effects Division, Science Information Management Branch: "Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential" (April 2006)

2.2 Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete)

COMPOUNDS INCLUDED METHANEARSONIC ACID & ITS SODIUM SALTS; 9/34 CASES SHOWED SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS & REMAINDER HAD EYE & SKIN IRRITATION.
PEOPLES ET AL; VET HUM TOXICOL 21 (6): 417-21 (1979)
ORGANIC ARSENICALS INCLUDE DISODIUM METHYLARSONATE ... AND AMINE METHYLARSONATE. TOXICITY OF THESE CMPD TO HUMANS IS CONSIDERABLY LESS THAN ... INORGANIC ARSENICALS; HOWEVER THEY ARE HARMFUL IF INHALED, SWALLOWED, OR IF THEY COME IN CONTACT WITH EYES OR SKIN.
International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Volumes I and II. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1971., p. 664
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation.
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 434

2.3 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations

Slight eye, skin irritant.
Farm Chemicals Handbook 1993. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1993., p. C-131

3 Animal Toxicity Studies

3.1 Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete)

RATS TOLERATED SUB-LETHAL DOSES WITHOUT APPARENT ILL EFFECTS.
Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982., p. 241
... FOUND THAT 100 & 1000 PPM OF ... DSMA ... WERE EXTREMELY TOXIC TO NEWLY EMERGED WORKER BEES (APIS MELLIFERA L). ... HERBICIDES WERE CONTAINED IN 60% SUCROSE SYRUP. TOXICITY ... JUDGED BY DEGREE & RATE OF MORTALITY. NO DIFFERENCES ... OBSERVED BETWEEN PURIFIED & COMMERCIALLY FORMULATED HERBICIDES.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 761
ADULT SWISS-WEBSTER MICE GIVEN UP TO 6.9 MG/L DSMA IN AIR FOR 2 HR CAUSED RESP DISTRESS. IV & IP DOSING: DIFFICULT BREATHING, DECR BODY TEMP, STOMACH LINING IRRITATION, & BLOOD IN INTESTINE. IRRITANCY POTENTIAL MAY PRECLUDE STUDY OF INHALATION TOXICITY.
STEVENS ET AL; BULL ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL 21 (3): 304-11 (1979)
TOXICITY OF DISODIUM METHYL ARSENATE TO STONEFLIES, AMPHIPODS, & TROUT, & ITS BIOACCUMULATION WERE STUDIED DURING 28 DAY FLOW-THROUGH TEST. DAPHNIA MAGNA EXPOSED IN 21 DAY STATIC TEST TO DETERMINE LIFE CYCLE EFFECTS. NO EFFECTS WERE SHOWN ON SURVIVAL OR LIFE CYCLE.
SPEHAR ET AL; ARCH ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL 9 (1): 53-63 (1980)
IN VITRO ASSAYS INCLUDED REVERSE MUTATION IN SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM & ESCHERICHIA COLI, MITOTIC RECOMBINATION IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE, RELATIVE TOXICITY IN ESCHERICHIA COLI & BACILLUS SUBTILIS & UNSCHEDULED DNA SYNTHESIS IN HUMAN FIBROBLASTS. DSMA WAS NEGATIVE IN THE TESTS.
SIMMON ET AL; ENVIRON MUTAGENESIS 1: 142-3 (1979)
ADULT SHERMAN RATS GIVEN UP TO 6.9 MG/L DSMA IN AIR FOR 2 HR CAUSED RESP DISTRESS. IV & IP DOSING: DIFFICULT BREATHING, DECR BODY TEMP, STOMACH LINING IRRITATION, & BLOOD IN INTESTINE. IRRITANCY POTENTIAL MAY PRECLUDE STUDY OF INHALATION TOXICITY.
STEVENS ET AL; BULL ENVIRON CONTAM TOXICOL 21 (3): 304-11 (1979)
Disodium methylarsonate at 50 ppm in silt loam decreased the yield of rice by 75%, while soybean growth was inhibited by 39%, oats by 12%, corn & cotton by 10%, & wheat by 0%.
Nat'l Research Council Canada; Effects of Chromium, Alkali Halides, Arsenic, Asbestos, Mercury, Cadmium In the Canadian Environment p.116 (1978) NRCC No. 15391
The fetal toxicity & teratogenicity of methylated arsenicals were investigated in hamsters. Pregnant female golden Syrian hamsters were injected ip with a single dose of 500 mg/kg disodium methanearsonate ... on 1 day each of gestation days 8-12. Animals were killed on gestation day 15, their livers were weighed, & uterine contents examined. Neither treatment resulted in altered maternal liver/body weight ratios. ... Disodium methanearsonate produced its greatest effects on day 12 with one litter totally resorbed, a prenatal mortality of 20.5%, & one fetus grossly malformed. Treatment on days 9, 10, or 12 was followed by fetal stunting. Only 3 cases of gross malformations were seen: exencephaly; lateral cleft lips; & a short muzzle. The authors conclude that methylation of arsenic greatly reduces its toxicity to adult animals. Both monomethylated & dimethylated arsenicals exhibit less toxicity to the hamster conceptus than would be expected for inorganic arsenic.
Hood RD et al; Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 29 (6): 679-87 (1982)
... Methanearsonic acid, monosodium & disodium salts gave negative results in the Salmonella/microsome test, in DNA repair tests in Escherichia coli & Bacillus subtilis & in an assay for mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 95 (1980)
Mild irritant to skin & eyes (rabbits).
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium. 10th ed. Surrey, UK: The British Crop Protection Council, 1994., p. 685

3.2 Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete)

LD50 RAT ORAL 8000 MG/KG /21% LIQUID/
Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982., p. 241
LD50 MOUSE IV 316 MG/KG
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 760
LD50 MOUSE SC 3350 MG/KG
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 760
LD50 RABBIT IV 1240 MG/KG
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 760
LD50 Rat oral approx 2800 mg/kg
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 89 (1980)
LD50 Mouse male ip 600 mg/kg
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 89 (1980)
LD50 Mouse female ip 681 mg/kg
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 89 (1980)
LD50 Rat male ip 600 mg/kg
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 89 (1980)
LD50 Rat female ip 561 mg/kg
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 89 (1980)
LD50 Rabbit dermal 10,000 mg/kg
Farm Chemicals Handbook 1993. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1993., p. C-131
LD50 Rat oral 821 mg/kg
Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 1425
LD50 Mouse oral 1150 mg/kg
Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 1425
LD50 Rat (young, albino) oral 1800 mg/kg
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium. 10th ed. Surrey, UK: The British Crop Protection Council, 1994., p. 685

3.3 Ecotoxicity Values (Complete)

LC50 BLUEGILL SUNFISH (LEPOMIS MACROCHIRUS) > 1000 PPM/48 HR/FRESH WATER /CONDITIONS OF BIOASSAY NOT SPECIFIED/
U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.

3.4 FIFRA Requirements (Complete)

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA, as amended in 1988, were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and List D pesticides of less concern. Disodium methanearsonate is found on List B. Case No: 2395; Pesticide type: insecticide, herbicide, rodenticide; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): Disodium methanearsonate; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 06/14/91, 03/03/95, 10/13/95; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide has made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.
USEPA/OPP; Status of Pesticides in Registration, Reregistration and Special Review p.190 (Spring, 1998) EPA 738-R-98-002
Tolerances are established for residues of the herbicide methanearsonic acid (calculated as As2O3) from application of the disodium and monosodium salts of methanearsonic acid in or on raw agricultural commodities as follows: citrus fruit; cottonseed; and cottonseed hulls.
40 CFR 180.289 (4/1/2000)
If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, liquid, NOS/
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 104
If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. /Arsenical cmpd, solid, NOS/
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 105

4 Metabolism / Pharmacokinetics

4.1 Metabolism / Metabolites (Complete)

... EXAMINED REACTION PRODUCTS OF DSMA ... IN PURPLE NUTSEDGE (CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L). ... RADIOACTIVITY WAS ... DETECTED IN RESPIRATORY CARBON DIOXIDE FROM (14)C DSMA-TREATED PLANTS, INDICATING C-AS BOND DEGRADATION.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 754
... TREATED ... BERMUDA GRASS (CYNODON DACTYLON LEGUMINOSAE PERS) WITH (14)C DSMA. MOLECULE REMAINED INTACT, BUT ... COMPLEXED. 80% HOT ETHANOL EXTRACT CONTAINED UNKNOWN ... LITTLE (14)C CARBON DIOXIDE (0.1%) ... FOUND IN RESPIRATORY CARBON DIOXIDE 10 DAYS AFTER TREATMENT.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 754
Evolution of gaseous arsenic from DSMA-treated soil was a function of organic matter and moisture content. Greatest loss of arsenic was from soil containing 11% added organic matter and maintained under reduced conditions. The sorbed arsenic was predominantly in the form of iron arsenate. Aluminum arsenate was the next most abundant form.
Menzie, C.M. Metabolism of Pesticides-Update III. Special Scientific Report- Wildlife No. 232. Washington, DC: U.S.Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, 1980., p. 40
Studies have identified the compound evolved from cultures of Penicillium brevicaule containing DSMA as trimethylarsine.
Menzie, C.M. Metabolism of Pesticides-Update III. Special Scientific Report- Wildlife No. 232. Washington, DC: U.S.Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, 1980., p. 40
VOLUNTEERS INGESTED A SINGLE ORAL DOSE OF 500 MG ARSENIC AS DISODIUM METHANEARSONATE. AFTER 4 DAYS, 78% OF INGESTED ARSENIC WAS EXCRETED IN URINE. METHANEARSONATE IS 13% METHYLATED INTO DIMETHYLARSINATE.
BUCHET ET AL; INT ARCH OCCUP ENVIRON HEALTH 48 (1): 71-9 (1981)

4.2 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete)

USING (14)C LABELED DSMA, STUDIES SHOWED THAT DSMA .. READILY TAKEN UP BY BERMUDAGRASS FROM ... NUTRIENT SOLN BUT... SLOWLY FROM SOIL. ... ABOUT 25% ... TRANSLOCATED TO ROOTS & RHIZOMES WITHIN 5 DAYS. SMALL AMT OF CARBON DIOXIDE ... DETECTED. ... C-AS BOND REMAINED LARGELY INTACT ... .
Menzie, C. M. Metabolism of Pesticides, An Update. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish, Wild-life Service, Special Scientific Report - Wildlife No. 184, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, l974., p. 38
EARLY REPORTS INDICATED ... DSMA ... NOT TRANSLOCATED IN PLANTS ... HOWEVER ... EXAMINED TRANSLOCATION OF AMMONIUM METHYLARSONATE TO SHOOTS OF SINGLE NUTSEDGE TUBERS & TO TERMINAL TUBER SHOOTS. ARSENIC WAS TRANSLOCATED ... LATERALLY TO TUBERS SEPARATED BY AT LEAST FOUR TUBERS FROM TUBER'S SHOOT ... . /AMMONIUM METHYLARSONATE/
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 765
... STUDIED TRANSLOCATION OF DSMA ... IN PURPLE NUTSEDGE FOLLOWING FOLIAR APPLICATION. ... STUDIES INDICATED ... APOPLASTIC & SYMPLASTIC MOVEMENT ... DSMA MOVED IN ... ACROPETAL & BASIPETAL DIRECTIONS ... ARSENIC ... ACCUMULATED IN TERMINAL TUBERS AFTER REPEATED APPLICATIONS.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 765
... FOUND MOVEMENT OF ARSENIC INTO RHIZOMES AND FOLIAR REGROWTH OF JOHNSONGRASS FOLLOWING FOLIAR APPLICATION OF DSMA. ... FOUND ACROPETAL AND BASIPETAL TRANSLOCATION ... IN COASTAL BERMUDA GRASS. APPROXIMATELY 25% OF ARSENIC INTERCEPTED BY LEAVES ... TRANSLOCATED TO ROOTS AND RHIZOMES ... .
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 765
... EXAMINED TRANSLOCATION OF ... DSMA IN YELLOW & PURPLE NUTSEDGE, AND IN COTTON. NUTSEDGE TUBERS ACCUMULATED ARSENIC & SMALLER TUBERS CONTAINED HIGHEST CONCN. TREATMENTS REDUCED SMALL TUBER'S VITALITY, BUT HAD LITTLE EFFECT ON LARGE TUBERS.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 766
TEMP /HAD/ ... SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON TRANSLOCATION ... OF ... DSMA APPLIED TO NUTSEDGE & COTTON. ... MORE (14)C DSMA ... FOUND IN YELLOW NUTSEDGE THAN IN PURPLE NUTSEDGE. APPARENT DIFFERENTIAL PENETRATION ... BELIEVED TO HAVE CONTRIBUTED ... TO CONTROL OF NUTSEDGE OBSERVED.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 766
/COTTON/ COTYLEDONS ABSORBED MAA /METHANEARSONIC ACID/ & MSMA /MONOSODIUM METHANEARSONIC ACID/ MORE READILY THAN DSMA. ... ABSORPTION OF (14)C DSMA TENDED TO INCREASE WITH TEMPERATURE.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 766
NO SIGNIFICANT ARSENIC RESIDUES ARE FOUND IN COTTONSEED WHEN /DSMA/ ... APPLIED AFTER COTTON HAS REACHED HEIGHT OF 7.6 CM & BEFORE EARLY BLOOM.
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 72 (1980)
VOLUNTEERS INGESTED A SINGLE ORAL DOSE OF 500 MG ARSENIC AS DISODIUM METHANEARSONATE. AFTER 4 DAYS, 78% OF INGESTED ARSENIC WAS EXCRETED IN URINE. METHANEARSONATE IS 13% METHYLATED INTO DIMETHYLARSINATE.
BUCHET ET AL; INT ARCH OCCUP ENVIRON HEALTH 48 (1): 71-9 (1981)
Uptake, accumulation, and translocation of arsenic from different arsenical cmpd were investigated in cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum l "SJ-4"). ... Plants treated with the herbicide ... DSMA (disodium methanearsonate) also accumulated arsenic in the roots and shoots.
Marcus WL, Rains DW; J Environ Qual (USA) 11 (4): 715-19 (1982)
... EXAMINED COASTAL BERMUDA GRASS FOR RESIDUES FOLLOWING APPLICATION OF DSMA ... STAGE OF PLANT DEVELOPMENT AT TREATMENT, RAINFALL BETWEEN TREATMENT AND HARVEST, RATE OF APPLICATION, AND AMT OF GROWTH ... WERE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCED ARSENIC RESIDUE LEVELS IN HARVESTED MATERIAL.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 764
ROOT UPTAKE FROM SOIL RESIDUES AND NUTRIENT SOLN ... EXAMINED. ... FOUND MUCH LESS (14)C DSMA IN COASTAL BERMUDA GRASS GROWN ON SOIL THAN THAT GROWN IN NUTRIENT SOLN. ... DSMA ... RELEASED BACK TO SOIL SOLN ... COASTAL BERMUDA GRASS CONTAINED 38 PPM ARSENIC IN FOILAGE FROM ... 12 PPM ... NUTRIENT SOLN ... . /METHANEARSONIC ACID, DISODIUM SALT/
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 764

4.3 Mechanism of Action (Complete)

ARSONIC ACID HERBICIDES ARE NOT GROWTH REGULATORS IN SENSE OF PLANT HORMONES. THEY ... ACT THROUGH ENZYME SYSTEMS TO INHIBIT GROWTH. THEY KILL ... SLOWLY; FIRST SYMPTOMS ARE ... CHLOROSIS, CESSATION OF GROWTH, & GRADUAL YELLOWING, THEN BROWNING FOLLOWED BY DEHYDRATION & DEATH. /ORGANOARSENICAL HERBICIDES/
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 763

5 Environmental Fate & Exposure

5.1 Probable Routes of Human Exposure (Complete)

CMPD INCL METHANEARSONIC ACID SODIUM SALTS; INJURIES WERE CAUSED PRIMARILY BY USE OF FAULTY EQUIPMENT, CARELESSNESS IN ITS OPERATION, IMPROPER USE OF PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. /METHANEARSONIC ACID SODIUM SALTS/
PEOPLES ET AL; VET HUM TOXICOL 21 (6): 417-21 (1979)
The National Occupational Hazard Survey conducted by NIOSH estimated that 1130 workers may be exposed to Disodium Methanearsonate; 100% from observed use of a tradename product known to contain this chemical.
NIOSH National Hazard Exposure Survey (1972-1974)

5.2 Environmental Fate (Complete)

... FOUND RAPID LOSS OF HERBICIDAL ACTIVITY FROM DSMA APPLIED TO BOSKET SILT LOAM. MOST MARKED REDUCTION IN TOXIC RESIDUES OCCURRED BETWEEN INITIAL PLANTING DATE AND 16-WEEK REPLANTING DATE.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 756
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Organoarsenicals, such as dimethylarsinic acid, methanearsonic acid, monosodium and disodium salts, and sodium cacodylate are adsorbed by clay soils. After rapid initial adsorption, changes occur which result in the redistribution of dimethylarsinic acid into a less soluble form associated with aluminium in the soil. Downward leaching of the methanearsonic acid salts has also been reported. The methanearsonic acid salts and dimethylarsinic acid are fixed by iron and aluminium in the soil, although not as strongly as inorganic arsenate.
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 71 (1980)
REACTION OF ... DSMA ... EXAMINED IN ... PLANTS ... SINGLE RADIOACTIVE CMPD ... FOUND /IN PURPLE NUTSEDGE (CYPERUS ROTUNDUS LEGUMINOSAE)/ IN HOT 80% ETHANOL EXTRACT. RF WAS 0.59 COMPARED TO 0.66 FOR STANDARD DSMA. CHEM ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT C-AS BOND REMAINED INTACT.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 754

5.3 Environmental Biodegradation (Complete)

... NORFOLK LOAMY SAND SAMPLES (WITH AND WITHOUT ORGANIC MATTER ADDED) SHOWED INCREASED DSMA DECOMPOSITION RELATIVE TO SOIL ORGANIC MATTER. THIS SUGGESTS ADAPTATION OF MICROBIAL POPULATION TO METABOLIZE METHYL CARBON OF MAA /METHANEARSONIC ACID/.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 757

5.4 Environmental Abiotic Degradation (Complete)

LOSS FROM PHOTODECOMPOSITION IN BASIC SOIL TYPES: NONE.
Weed Science Society of America. Herbicide Handbook. 4th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1979. of America, 1979., p. 254

5.5 Environmental Bioconcentration (Complete)

Leghorn hens (groups of 5) were fed a diet containing 200 ppm of the herbicide Angar 8100 (active principle disodium methylarsenate) for 30 days ... /until/ slaughter; a similar group was fed the same diet containing 2 g sunflower pectin. Considerable residues /were/ found in the former group, the level in tissue being 0.0250 mg/kg; however, addition of pectin to the diet produced a 30-80% decline, the level in tissue being 0.0047 mg/kg.
Kalburov G, Kerkenyakova A; Nauchni Trudove, Vissh Institut po Khranitelna i Vkusova Promyshelnnost 25 (2): 295-7 (1978)

5.6 Soil Adsorption / Mobility (Complete)

TYPE OF CLAY MINERAL MAY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT FIXATION TENDENCIES ... KAOLINITE REMOVED MUCH MORE DSMA FROM SOLN THAN DID VERMICULITE. SMALLER SIZE FRACTIONS OF AUGUSTA SILT LOAM ... ABSORBED LARGER PERCENTAGES OF MAA /METHANEARSONIC ACID/ PRESENT IN SOLUTION.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 757
PHYTOTOXICITY IS ... AFFECTED BY LEACHING OF DSMA. IF ARSONATE IS APPLIED WITHIN 2 HR OF RAIN, LITTLE ABSORPTION WILL OCCUR AND LEACHING OF MAA /METHANEARSONIC ACID/ PROCEEDS.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 757
... FOUND NO LEACHING OF DSMA IN DECATUR CLAY LOAM, WHILE 52% ... RECOVERED IN THE TWENTY 1 IN INCREMENTS OF LEACHATE FROM NORFOLK LOAMY SAND. MOVEMENT THROUGH NORFOLK LOAMY SAND OCCURRED AS BAND OF HIGH FRONTAL CONCN WHICH ... DECREASED IN DIRECTION OF ZONE OF APPLICATION.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 757

5.7 Volatilization from Water / Soil (Complete)

NONE
Weed Science Society of America. Herbicide Handbook. 4th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1979. of America, 1979., p. 254

5.8 Sediment / Soil Concentrations (Complete)

The sorption of arsenic, phosphate, disodium methanearsonate, and the sodium salt of cacodylic acid by 16 Mississippi river alluvial flood plain soils is measured in a slurry experiment in which initial pH and molar solution concn for all four solutes are identical. Sorption of the two organoarsenical herbicides is strongly correlated with arsenate and phophate sorption, and sorption of all four species is strongly correlated with clay and iron oxide contents of the soils.
Wauchope RD; J Env Quality 4 (3): 355 (1975)

6 Environmental Standards & Regulations

6.1 Allowable Tolerances (Complete)

Tolerances are established for residues of the herbicide methanearsonic acid (calculated as As2O3) from application of the disodium and monosodium salts of methanearsonic acid in or on raw agricultural commodities as follows: citrus fruit, 0.35 ppm; cottonseed, 0.7 ppm; and cottonseed hulls, 0.9 ppm.
40 CFR 180.289 (4/1/2000)
Tolerances for total residues of combined arsenic (calculated as As) in food are established as follows: (a) In edible tissues & in eggs of chickens & turkeys: 0.5 ppm in uncooked muscle tissue; 2 ppm in uncooked edible by-products; & 0.5 ppm in eggs. (b) In edible tissues of swine: 2 ppm in uncooked liver & kidney; 0.5 ppm in uncooked muscle tissue & by-products other than liver & kidney. /Arsenic/
21 CFR 556.60 (4/1/2001)

6.2 Atmospheric Standards (Complete)

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Disodium methanearsonate is included on this list.
Clean Air Act as amended in 1990, Sect. 112 (b) (1) Public Law 101-549 Nov. 15, 1990
(a) The owner or operator of an existing glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 2.5 Mg (2.7 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/
40 CFR 61.162(a) (7/1/2001)
(b) The owner or operator of a new or modified glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 0.4 Mg (0.44 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/
40 CFR 61.162(b) (7/1/2001)
The owner or operator of each copper converter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall reduce inorganic arsenic emissions to the atmosphere by meeting the following design, equipment, work practice, and operational requirements: (1) Install, operate, and maintain a secondary hood system on each copper converter. Each secondary hood system shall consist of a hood enclosure, air curtain fan(s), exhaust system fan(s), and ductwork that conveys the captured emission to a control device ... (2) Optimize the capture of secondary inorganic arsenic emission by operating the copper converter and secondary hood systems at all times ... . /Inorganic arsenic/
40 CFR 61.172(b) (7/1/2001)

6.3 Federal Drinking Water Standards (Complete)

10 ug/l /Arsenic/
USEPA/Office of Water; Federal-State Toxicology and Risk Analysis Committee (FSTRAC). Summary of State and Federal Drinking Water Standards and Guidelines (11/93) To Present

6.4 State Drinking Water Guidelines (Complete)

(AZ) ARIZONA 10 ug/L /Arsenic/
USEPA/Office of Water; Federal-State Toxicology and Risk Analysis Committee (FSTRAC). Summary of State and Federal Drinking Water Standards and Guidelines (11/93) To Present
(CT) CONNECTICUT 10 ug/l /Arsenic/
USEPA/Office of Water; Federal-State Toxicology and Risk Analysis Committee (FSTRAC). Summary of State and Federal Drinking Water Standards and Guidelines (11/93) To Present

7 Chemical / Physical Properties

7.1 Molecular Formula

C-H5-As-O3.2Na

7.2 Molecular Weight

183.93
Ahrens, W.H. Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1994., p. 116

7.3 Color / Form (Complete)

Hydrated crystals containing 5H2O or 6H2O
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1996., p. 1018
Monoclinic spear-shaped plates from absolute alcohol
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989., p. 938
White crystalline solid
Ahrens, W.H. Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1994., p. 115

7.4 Taste

Pleasant acid taste
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989., p. 938

7.5 Melting Point

>355 °C
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 13th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997., p. 417
Melting point 132-139 °C /Disodium methanearsonate hexahydrate/
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 13th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997., p. 417

7.6 Density

1.04 g/ml
Ahrens, W.H. Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1994., p. 116

7.7 LogP

Kow = <10
Ahrens, W.H. Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1994., p. 116

7.8 Dissociation Constants

pKa1 = 4.1; pKa2 = 8.94
Ahrens, W.H. Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1994., p. 116

7.9 Solubility (Complete)

Soluble in methanol; practically insoluble in most organic solvents
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11 th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 822
Soluble in water (300 g/l at 25 °C)
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 43 (1980)
In water, 4.32X10+5 mg/l @ 25 °C
Shiu WY et al; Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 116: 15-187 (1990)

7.10 Vapor Pressure

10-7 mm Hg @ 25 °C
Ahrens, W.H. Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America. 7th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1994., p. 116

7.11 Other Experimental Properties (Complete)

Hydrolysis to MSMA @ pH 6-7; decomposed by strong oxidizing and reducing agents
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11 th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 822
Colorless crystals /Hexahydrate/
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11 th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 822
Hygroscopic
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 13th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997., p. 417

8 Chemical Safety & Handling

8.1 Fire Potential

NOT FLAMMABLE
U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
Dangerous fire hazard by spontaneous chemical reaction. Ignites spontaneously in dry air. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials; e.g. air, /chloride/.
Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 1425

8.2 Fire Fighting Procedures (Complete)

Wear goggles and self contained breathing apparatus
U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
Fire extinguishing media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide.
Farm Chemicals Handbook 1993. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1993., p. C-131

8.3 Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete)

Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials; e.g. air, /chloride/.
Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 1425

8.4 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete)

Goggles or face shield, rubber or neoprene gloves, rubber apron.
Farm Chemicals Handbook 1993. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1993., p. C-131

8.5 Preventive Measures (Complete)

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
Protective clothing to prevent contact with skin; chemical goggles.
U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
Avoid skin contact or breathing spray mist. ... Keep children, domestic animals off treated areas until material washes into soil.
Farm Chemicals Handbook 1993. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1993., p. C-131

8.6 Stability / Shelf Life (Complete)

DECOMPOSED BY STRONG OXIDIZING & REDUCING AGENTS.
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium. 10th ed. Surrey, UK: The British Crop Protection Council, 1994., p. 684
/Decomposes/ slowly at elevated temperatures. Stable to hydrolysis.
Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982., p. 241

8.7 Storage Conditions (Complete)

Do not store near feed, food.
Farm Chemicals Handbook 1993. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1993., p. C-131

8.8 Disposal Methods (Complete)

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D004, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.
40 CFR 240-280, 300-306, 702-799 (7/1/91)
Arsenic or organo-arsenic containing wastewater treatment sludges from production of veterinary pharmaceuticals are poor candidates for incineration.
USEPA; Engineering Handbook for Hazardous Waste Incineration p.3-18 (1981) EPA 68-03-3025

9 Occupational Exposure Standards

9.1 OSHA Standards (Complete)

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-Hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.5 mg/cu m. /Arsenic, organic cmpd (as As)/
29 CFR 1910.1000 (7/1/2001)

9.2 Other Standards Regulations and Guidelines (Complete)

... The following countries had adopted the ... TLV of 0.5 mg/cu m: Austria, Belgium, Finland, Japan, and Holland. Czechoslavakia, East Germany, Hungary and Poland ... USSR ... 0.3 mg/cu m; Romania and Switzerland, 0.2 mg/cu m; Sweden 0.05 mg/cu m; and Italy 0.25 mg/cu m. /Arsenic and sol cmpd/
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices. 5th ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 1986., p. 37

10 Manufacturing / Use Information

10.1 Uses (Complete)

For Disodium methanearsonate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 013802) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Pesticide Program's Chemical Ingredients Database on Disodium methanearsonate (144-21-8). Available from, as of May 24, 2001: https://npirspublic.ceris.purdue.edu/ppis/
Herbicide; pharmaceuticals
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 13th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997., p. 417
Recommended to control grass weeds on non-crop areas; directed spray under trees.
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11 th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 822
USEFUL AS DIRECTED APPLICATION ... FOR POST-EMERGENT CONTROL OF WEEDS AND GRASSES, IN ZOYSIA, BLUEGRASS, AND BERMUDA GRASS LAWNS, GENERAL NON-CROP WEED CONTROL ... .
Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982., p. 241
Salts of methylarsonic acid are extensively used for the control of annual grass weeds in cotton and for the selective control of crabgrass in established turf.
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 4th ed. Volumes 1: New York, NY. John Wiley and Sons, 1991-Present., p. V3 (1992) 629
Typical rate of application to soils (1977): 2.24-4.26 kg/ha. /From table/
Nat'l Research Council Canada; Effects of Arsenic in the Canadian Environment p.102 (1978) NRCC No. 15931

10.2 Manufacturers

W.A. Cleary Corp., 1049 Somerset St., Somerset, NJ 08873, (732) 247-8000; Production site: Somerset, NJ 08873
SRI International. 2000 Directory of Chemical Producers -- United States. SRI Consulting, Menlo Park: CA 2000, p. 787
Drexel Chemical Co., 1700 Channel Ave., Memphis, TN 38106-1412, (901) 774-4370; Production site: Tunica, MS 38676
SRI International. 2000 Directory of Chemical Producers -- United States. SRI Consulting, Menlo Park: CA 2000, p. 787
GB Biosciences Corp., 2239 Haden Rd., Houston, TX 77015, (713) 453-7281; Production site: Greens Bayou, TX 77213
SRI International. 2000 Directory of Chemical Producers -- United States. SRI Consulting, Menlo Park: CA 2000, p. 787

10.3 Methods of Manufacturing (Complete)

Reaction of methyl chloride with sodium arsenate.
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 13th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997., p. 417
Prepared from sodium arsenite and methyl iodide.
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989., p. 938
Prepared by the reaction of dimethyl sulfate with a solution of arsenic trioxidein sodium hydroxide.
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989., p. 938
Methanearsonic acid, disodium salt is prepared commercially by the reaction of sodium arsenate with methyl chloride.
IARC. Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Geneva: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1972-PRESENT. (Multivolume work). Available at: https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php, p. V23 55 (1980)

10.4 General Manufacturing Information (Complete)

MSMA and DSMA were introduced by Ansul Chemical Co (which no longer exists) ... under US patent as trade mark 'Ansar' ... .
Tomlin, C.D.S. (ed.). The Pesticide Manual - World Compendium, 11 th ed., British Crop Protection Council, Surrey, England 1997, p. 822
... MAA /METHANEARSONIC ACID/ AND DSMA WERE NOT GOOD SOIL STERILIZERS. ... DSMA CONTROLLED DALLIS GRASS (PASPALUM DILATATUM ... AND GOOSEGRASS (ELEUSINE INDICA (L) GAERTN). ... DSMA GREATLY ENHANCED WEED CONTROL ACTIVITY OF ... DICRYL.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 743
WEEDS CONTROLLED BY ... DSMA: AGERATUM, TROPIC; ANGELTONGRASS; BAMBOO GRASS; BARNYARDGRASS; BINDWEED, FIELD; BLACKSEEDGRASS; BUFFELGRASS; BULRUSH; CARELESS WEED; CHEATGRASS; CHICKWEED, FIELD; CHICKWEED, MOUSEEAR; CHICKWEED, STICKY; CHOMPIPE; COCKLEBUR, COMMON; CRABGRASS, HAIRY ... .
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 744
WEEDS CONTROLLED BY ... DSMA: ... CRABGRASS, LARGE; CRABGRASS, SMALL; CRABGRASS,SMOOTH; DALLISGRASS; DROPSEED, INDIAN; FIDDLENECK; FINGERGRASS, SWOLLEN; FOXTAIL, GIANT; FOXTAIL, GREEN; FOXTAIL, YELLOW; GERMAN WEED; GROMWELL;GROUNDCHERRY, LONGLEAF; HEMPWEED, CLIMBING; HENBIT ... .
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 744
WEEDS CONTROLLED BY... DSMA: ... HILOGRASS; JOHNSONGRASS; KIKUYU GRASS; LAMBSQUARTER, COMMON; LOVEGRASS, FEATHER; MALLOW, PURPLE POPPY; MORNINGGLORY, ANNUAL; MORNINGGLORY, IVYLEAF; MORNINGGLORY, TALL; MORNINGGLORY, WILD; MUSTARD, BLUE; MUSTARD, TANSY; MUSTARD, TUMBLE ... .
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 745
WEEDS CONTROLLED BY ... DSMA: ... MUSTARD, WILD; NIGHTSHADE, SILVERLEAF; NUTSEDGE, PURPLE; NUTSEDGE, YELLOW; OATS, WILD; PANICUM, FALL; PASPALUM, PANAMA; PASPALUM, SOUR; PASSIONFLOWER, REDFRUIT; PIGWEED, ROUGH; PUNCTUREVINE; RAGWEED, COMMON; RAGWEED, GIANT; RAOULGRASS ... .
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 745
WEEDS CONTROLLED BY ... DSMA: ... RICE, JUNGLE; ROCKET, LONDON; ST AUGUSTINEGRASS; SALTBUSH, WRIGHT; SALTGRASS, DESERT; SANDBUR, FIELD; SANDBUR, SOUTHERN; SEDGE, GIANT; SEDGEGRASS; SENSITIVEPLANT; SENSITIVEPLANT, GIANT; SIAM WEED; SIGNALGRASS, BROADLEAF; SMUTGRASS ... .
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 746
WEEDS CONTROLLED BY ... DSMA: ... SPURGE, SPOTTED; STARGRASS, AUSTRALIAN; SUNFLOWER; TULES; VETCH, NARROWLEAF; WATERGRASS; WILDERGRASS; WITCHGRASS; WOODSORREL, CREEPING.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 746
... EXAMINED DSMA FOR ITS FUNGICIDAL PROPERTIES AND CONCLUDED THAT IT DID NOT PERFORM WELL AGAINST THE 30 FUNGI TESTED.
Kearney, P.C., and D. D. Kaufman (eds.) Herbicides: Chemistry, Degredation and Mode of Action. Volumes 1 and 2. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975., p. 747
Formerly registered for control of certain weeds in lawns. Re-evaluated 1971, and minor changes only introduced. Discontinued by registrants in 1972 or 1973.
Nat'l Research Council Canada; Effects of Arsenic in the Canadian Enviroment p.60 (1978) NRCC No. 15391
DISODIUM METHANEARSONATE ADDED TO A BASAL DIET FOR MALE BROILER CHICKENS PROMOTED GROWTH & IMPROVED THE FEED CONVERSION RATIO.
HAMADA S, KOBAYASHI K; EIYO SHOKURYO GAKKAISHI 21 (1): 64-6 (1968)
APPLICATION METHODS: IN COTTON USE AS A DIRECTED POSTEMERGENCE SPRAY AFTER COTTON IS 3 IN HIGH & BEFORE FIRST BLOOM. IN NONCROP VEGETATION SPRAY FOLIAGE TO OBTAIN GOOD COVERAGE. RATES: 2.25 LB/ACRE FOR USE IN COTTON. SECOND APPLICATION IF REQUIRED. FOR LAWN & ORNAMENTAL USE, 2.0 TO 3.8 LB/ACRE. USUAL CARRIER: MIX RECOMMENDED PER-ACRE RATES WITH WATER & APPLY...TO OBTAIN GOOD COVERAGE OF VEGETATION. FROM 1 TO 2 QT OF COMPATIBLE SURFACTANT/GAL OF SPRAY SOLN WILL IMPROVE VEGETATION CONTROL. FOR COTTON, 40 GAL/ACRE SPRAY VOLUME ON A BROADCAST BASIS IS USUALLY SUFFICIENT. IN NONCROP AREAS APPLY WHATEVER SPRAY VOLUME IS NEEDED TO OBTAIN COVERAGE. ALL FORMULATIONS ARE 100% WATER SOL. /MONO AND SODIUM SALTS/
Weed Science Society of America. Herbicide Handbook. 4th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America, 1979. of America, 1979., p. 253

10.5 Formulations / Preparations (Complete)

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 013802; Trade Names: Ansar 8100; Arrhenal; Ansar DSMA Liquid; Dinate; Crab-E-Rad; Chipco Crab Kleen; Arsinyl; Sodar; Methar; Drexel DSMA Liquid; Di-Tac; Ansar 184; Weed-E-Rad; Versar DSMA-LQ; Calar-E-Rad; Dal-E-Rad; Jon-Trol; Namate.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Office of Pesticide Program's Chemical Ingredients Database on Disodium methanearsonate (144-21-8). Available from, as of May 24, 2001: https://npirspublic.ceris.purdue.edu/ppis/
DISODIUM METHYLARSONATE COMBINED WITH EQUIMOLAR AMT OF MERCURY SALICYLATE IS CALLED ENESOL, WHITE POWDER, SOLUBLE IN WATER.
Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989., p. 938
ANSAR 8100--WATER SOLUBLE POWDER 81% ACTIVE INGREDIENT; ANSAR DSMA LIQUID--AQ SOLN 21% ACTIVE INGREDIENT ... .
Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982., p. 241
THE PENTAHYDRATE CONTAINS ABOUT 28% ARSENIC, BUT THE COMMERCIAL MATERIAL USUALLY HAS A PURITY OF ONLY 50% (14% ARSENIC).
Gosselin, R.E., R.P. Smith, H.C. Hodge. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1984., p. II-132
Liquid, water soluble powder, soluble powder solution + added surfactant, slurry.
Farm Chemicals Handbook 2001. Willoughby, Ohio: Meister 2001., p. C 161
Grade: 55-65% powder concentration; 31.5% blend.
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 13th ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997., p. 417

11 Laboratory Methods

11.1 Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete)

IN FORMULATED PRODUCTS CONTAINING INTERFERING ACIDS, DETERMINE ARSENIC CONTENT BY STANDARD WET DIGESTION PROCEDURE AND CONVERT TO DSMA CONTENT.
Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982., p. 241
METHOD FOR QUANTITATING METHANEARSONATE IONS IN RUNOFF (WATER & SUSPENDED SEDIMENT): FLAMELESS ATOMIC ABSORPTION.
WAUCHOPE RD, YAMAMOTO M; J ENVIRON QUAL 9 (4): 597 (1980)

12 Synonyms and Identifiers

Synonyms

144-21-8

DISODIUM METHANEARSONATE

ANSAR 184

Ansar 8100

Ansar DSMA liquid

ARRHENAL

ARSINYL

ARSONIC ACID, METHYL-, DISODIUM SALT

ARSYNAL

Cacodyl new

CHIPCO CRAB KLEEN

CLOUT

CRAB-E-RAD

CRAB-3-RAD 100

CRALO-E-RAD

DAL-E-RAD 100

DIARSEN

DIMET

DINATE

DISODIUM METHANEARSENATE

DISODIUM METHYLARSENATE

Disodium methyl arsonate

DISODIUM MONOMETHYLARSONATE

DISOMAR

DISOMEAR

DI-TAC

DMA

DMA 100

Drexel DSMA liquid

DSMA

DSMA liquid

Pesticide Code 013802

JON-TROL

MAA SODIUM SALT

METHANEARSONIC ACID, DISODIUM SALT

METHAR

Methar 30

METHARSAN

METHARSINAT

NAMATE

Neoasycodile

SODAR

SODIUM METHANEARSONATE

SODIUM METHARSONATE

SODIUM METHYLARSONATE

SOMAR

STENOSINE

TONARSAN

Tonarsen

TONARSIN

Versar DSMA LQ

WEED BROOM

WEED-HOE

WEED-E-RAD

WEED-E-RAD 360

Weed-E-Rad DMA Powder

12.2 Substance Title

DISODIUM METHANEARSONATE

12.3 Standard Transportation Number

49 232 11; Arsenical compound nos, solid, (or) arsenical mixture, NOS, solid
49 232 10; Arsenical cmpd, NOS, liquid (or) arsenical mixture, NOS, liquid

12.4 EPA Hazardous Waste Number

D004; A waste containing arsenic may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. /Arsenic/

13 Administrative Information

13.1 Hazardous Substances DataBank Number

1701

13.2 Last Revision Date

20030214

13.3 Last Review Date

Reviewed by SRP on 9/15/2001

13.4 Update History

Field Update on 2010-09-07, 1 fields added/edited/deleted

Field Update on 2010-06-02, 4 fields added/edited/deleted

Field Update on 2010-04-27, 1 fields added/edited/deleted

Field Update on 2005-04-29, 4 fields added/edited/deleted

Complete Update on 02/14/2003, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 11/08/2002, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 05/15/2002, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 05/13/2002, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 03/26/2002, 51 fields added/edited/deleted.

Field Update on 01/14/2002, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Field Update on 08/08/2001, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Field Update on 05/16/2001, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 03/30/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 03/09/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 02/08/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 02/02/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 11/18/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 09/21/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 08/26/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 03/29/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 01/27/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 06/02/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 02/27/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 10/23/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 05/08/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 04/23/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 01/27/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 10/15/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 06/14/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 06/07/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 05/10/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 01/21/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 05/26/1995, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 03/16/1995, 3 fields added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 12/28/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 05/18/1994, 33 fields added/edited/deleted.

Field Update on 03/21/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 11/05/1993, 46 fields added/edited/deleted.

Field Update on 11/05/1993, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Field Update on 08/03/1993, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Field update on 12/21/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 11/26/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 04/29/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 01/23/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 10/22/1990, 3 fields added/edited/deleted.

Field Update on 02/10/1989, 1 field added/edited/deleted.

Complete Update on 08/27/1987

Created 19830315 by GCF

CONTENTS