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CD86 - CD86 molecule (human)

Gene
Symbol
Dates
  • Create:
    2016-09-14
  • Modify:
    2025-02-02
Description
This gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. This protein is expressed by antigen-presenting cells, and it is the ligand for two proteins at the cell surface of T cells, CD28 antigen and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Binding of this protein with CD28 antigen is a costimulatory signal for activation of the T-cell. Binding of this protein with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 negatively regulates T-cell activation and diminishes the immune response. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, May 2011]
Enables receptor ligand activity. Involved in T cell activation. Located in centriolar satellite; extracellular exosome; and plasma membrane. Implicated in several diseases, including Henoch-Schoenlein purpura; autoimmune disease (multiple); chronic lymphocytic leukemia; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and systemic scleroderma. Biomarker of several diseases, including autoimmune disease (multiple); cryoglobulinemia; hematologic cancer (multiple); lung disease (multiple); and pulmonary hypertension.

1 Names and Identifiers

1.1 Synonyms

  • B7-2
  • B7.2
  • B70
  • CD28LG2
  • LAB72
  • T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86
  • B-lymphocyte activation antigen B7-2
  • BU63
  • CD86 antigen (CD28 antigen ligand 2, B7-2 antigen)
  • CTLA-4 counter-receptor B7.2
  • FUN-1

1.2 Other Identifiers

1.2.1 HGNC ID

1.2.2 Ensembl ID

1.2.3 Alliance Gene ID

1.2.4 Bgee Gene ID

1.2.5 MIM Number

1.2.6 NCI Thesaurus Code

1.2.7 Open Targets ID

1.2.8 PharmGKB ID

1.2.9 Pharos Target

1.2.10 VEuPathDB ID

1.2.11 Wikidata

3 Proteins

3.1 Protein Function

Receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 production, by binding CD28 or CTLA-4 (PMID: 12196291). May play a critical role in the early events of T-cell activation and costimulation of naive T-cells, such as deciding between immunity and anergy that is made by T-cells within 24 hours after activation (PMID: 7527824). Also involved in the regulation of B cells function, plays a role in regulating the level of IgG(1) produced. Upon CD40 engagement, activates NF-kappa-B signaling pathway via phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation (By similarity).

Interferes with the formation of CD86 clusters, and thus acts as a negative regulator of T-cell activation.

(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for adenovirus subgroup B.

3.2 Protein Isoforms

Isoform
Isoform 1
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 2
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 3
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 4
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 5
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession
Isoform
Isoform 6
UniProt ID
RefSeq Accession

3.3 Protein 3D Structures

3.3.1 PDB Structures

3.3.2 NCBI Protein Structures

3.3.3 AlphaFold Structures

Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605

3.4 Protein Targets

4 Chemicals and Bioactivities

4.1 Tested Compounds

5 BioAssays

5.1 Small-Molecule BioAssays

5.2 RNAi BioAssays

6 Diseases and Phenotypes

6.1 Gene-Disease Associations

7 Interactions and Pathways

7.1 Chemical-Gene Interactions

7.2 Interactions

7.3 Pathways

8 Expression

9 Target Development Level

10 Literature

10.1 Consolidated References

10.2 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.3 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.4 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

11 Patents

11.1 Gene-Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.2 Gene-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.3 Gene-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

12 Classification

12.1 Gene Family

12.2 NCI Thesaurus Tree

12.3 Gene Ontology: Biological Process

12.4 Gene Ontology: Cellular Component

12.5 Gene Ontology: Molecular Function

12.6 IUPHAR / BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY Target Classification

13 Information Sources

  1. NCBI Gene
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  2. PubChem
  3. Alliance of Genome Resources
    LICENSE
    All annotations and data produced by Alliance members that are accessible from alliancegenome.org are distributed under a CC BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
    https://www.alliancegenome.org/privacy-warranty-licensing
  4. BioGRID
    LICENSE
    The MIT License (MIT); Copyright Mike Tyers Lab
    https://wiki.thebiogrid.org/doku.php/terms_and_conditions
  5. Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP)
    LICENSE
    All DIP database records available under the terms set by the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs License.
    https://dip.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/dip/termsofuse.html
  6. STRING: functional protein association networks
  7. Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD)
    LICENSE
    It is to be used only for research and educational purposes. Any reproduction or use for commercial purpose is prohibited without the prior express written permission of NC State University.
    http://ctdbase.org/about/legal.jsp
  8. Drug Gene Interaction database (DGIdb)
    LICENSE
    The data used in DGIdb is all open access and where possible made available as raw data dumps in the downloads section.
    http://www.dgidb.org/downloads
  9. DrugBank
    LICENSE
    Creative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode)
    https://www.drugbank.ca/legal/terms_of_use
  10. Open Targets
    LICENSE
    Datasets generated by the Open Targets Platform are freely available for download.
    https://platform-docs.opentargets.org/licence
  11. Therapeutic Target Database (TTD)
  12. HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC)
    LICENSE
    No restrictions are imposed on access to, or use of, the data provided by the HGNC, which are provided to enhance knowledge and encourage progress in the scientific community.
    https://www.genenames.org/about/
  13. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)
  14. NCBI Structure
    LICENSE
    NCBI Website and Data Usage Policies and Disclaimers
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/home/about/policies/
  15. NCI Thesaurus (NCIt)
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise indicated, all text within NCI products is free of copyright and may be reused without our permission. Credit the National Cancer Institute as the source.
    https://www.cancer.gov/policies/copyright-reuse
  16. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM)
    LICENSE
    The OMIM database is made available to the general public subject to certain restrictions.
    https://omim.org/help/copyright
  17. PharmGKB
    LICENSE
    PharmGKB data are subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareALike 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).
    https://www.pharmgkb.org/page/policies
  18. Pharos
    LICENSE
    Data accessed from Pharos and TCRD is publicly available from the primary sources listed above. Please respect their individual licenses regarding proper use and redistribution.
    https://pharos.nih.gov/about
  19. RCSB Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB)
    LICENSE
    Data files contained in the PDB archive (ftp://ftp.wwpdb.org) are free of all copyright restrictions and made fully and freely available for both non-commercial and commercial use. Users of the data should attribute the original authors of that structural data.
    https://www.rcsb.org/pages/policies
  20. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Bgee
    LICENSE
    Creative Commons Zero license (CC0)
    https://www.bgee.org/about/
  21. UniProt
    LICENSE
    We have chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License to all copyrightable parts of our databases.
    https://www.uniprot.org/help/license
  22. VEuPathDB: The Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Informatics Resource
    LICENSE
    All data on VEuPathDB websites are provided freely for public use.
    https://veupathdb.org/veupathdb/app/static-content/about.html
  23. Wikidata
  24. Gene Ontology (GO)
    LICENSE
    Gene Ontology Consortium data and data products are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode)
    http://geneontology.org/docs/go-citation-policy/
  25. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
    LICENSE
    The Guide to PHARMACOLOGY database is licensed under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL) https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/. Its contents are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
    https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/about.jsp#license
    Guide to Pharmacology Target Classification
    https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/targets.jsp
  26. AlphaFold DB
    LICENSE
    All of the data provided is freely available for both academic and commercial use under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY 4.0) licence terms.
    https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/faq
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