CD3G - CD3 gamma subunit of T-cell receptor complex (human)
Gene
Symbol
Taxonomy
Dates
- Create:2016-09-14
- Modify:2025-01-29
Description
The protein encoded by the CD3G gene is the CD3-gamma polypeptide, which together with CD3-epsilon, -delta and -zeta, and the T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, forms the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. This complex plays an important role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. The genes encoding the epsilon, gamma and delta polypeptides are located in the same cluster on chromosome 11. Defects in this gene are associated with T cell immunodeficiency. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Enables identical protein binding activity and transmembrane signaling receptor activity. Involved in several processes, including establishment or maintenance of cell polarity; protein transport; and regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process. Located in cytosol and plasma membrane. Part of alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. Implicated in immunodeficiency 17.
- CD3-GAMMA
- CD3GAMMA
- IMD17
- T3G
- T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain
- CD3g antigen, gamma polypeptide (TiT3 complex)
- CD3g molecule, epsilon (CD3-TCR complex)
- CD3g molecule, gamma (CD3-TCR complex)
- T-cell antigen receptor complex, gamma subunit of T3
- T-cell receptor T3 gamma chain
Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR-mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling pathways (PMID: 2470098). In addition to this role of signal transduction in T-cell activation, CD3G plays an essential role in the dynamic regulation of TCR expression at the cell surface (PMID: 8187769). Indeed, constitutive TCR cycling is dependent on the di-leucine-based (diL) receptor-sorting motif present in CD3G.
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold. Nature. 2021 Aug;596(7873):583-589. DOI:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2. PMID:34265844; PMCID:PMC8371605
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