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Uranium tetrachloride

PubChem CID
66210
Structure
Uranium tetrachloride_small.png
Molecular Formula
Synonyms
  • Uranium chloride (UCl4)
  • tetrachlorouranium
  • Uranium(IV) chloride
  • 10026-10-5
  • EINECS 233-057-7
Molecular Weight
379.8 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Dates
  • Create:
    2005-03-27
  • Modify:
    2024-12-28
Description
Uranium tetrachloride is a chloride of uranium It is used as feed in the electromagnetic isotope separation (EMIS) process of uranium enrichment. Uranium is a chemical element that has the symbol U and atomic number 92. It is a normal part of rocks, soil, air, and water, and occurs in nature in the form of minerals. (L248, L249, L254)
L248: Wikipedia. Uranium. Last Updated 28 May 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium
L249: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1999). Toxicological profile for uranium. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp.asp?id=440&tid=77
L254: Wikipedia. Uranium tetrachloride. Last Updated 23 May 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium_tetrachloride

1 Structures

1.1 2D Structure

Chemical Structure Depiction
Uranium tetrachloride.png

1.2 3D Status

Conformer generation is disallowed since MMFF94s unsupported element

2 Names and Identifiers

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

tetrachlorouranium
Computed by Lexichem TK 2.7.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/4ClH.U/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.3 InChIKey

HPICRATUQFHULE-UHFFFAOYSA-J
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.4 SMILES

Cl[U](Cl)(Cl)Cl
Computed by OEChem 2.3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.2 Molecular Formula

Cl4U
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.3 Other Identifiers

2.3.1 CAS

2.3.2 Deprecated CAS

54327-77-4

2.3.3 European Community (EC) Number

2.3.4 DSSTox Substance ID

2.3.5 Wikidata

2.3.6 Wikipedia

2.4 Synonyms

2.4.1 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

3.1 Computed Properties

Property Name
Molecular Weight
Property Value
379.8 g/mol
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Rotatable Bond Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Exact Mass
Property Value
379.92325 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Monoisotopic Mass
Property Value
377.92620 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Topological Polar Surface Area
Property Value
0Ų
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Heavy Atom Count
Property Value
5
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Formal Charge
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Complexity
Property Value
19.1
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Isotope Atom Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
Property Value
1
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Compound Is Canonicalized
Property Value
Yes
Reference
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.10.14)

3.2 Experimental Properties

3.2.1 Physical Description

Dark green crystals; [Merck Index] Green salt; [ATSDR ToxProfiles]

3.3 Chemical Classes

Physical/Radiation -> Radioactive Compounds

5 Chemical Vendors

6 Pharmacology and Biochemistry

6.1 Metabolism / Metabolites

Uranium is absorbed in low amounts via oral, inhalation, and dermal routes. Uranium in body fluids generally exists as the uranyl ion (UO2)2+ complexed with anions, such as citrate and bicarbonate, or plasma proteins. Uranium preferentially distributes to bone, liver, and kidney. The large majority of uranium that enters the body is not absorbed and is eliminated from the body via the urine and faeces. (L248)
L248: Wikipedia. Uranium. Last Updated 28 May 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium

7 Use and Manufacturing

7.1 Uses

Uranium tetrachloride is used as feed in the electromagnetic isotope separation (EMIS) process of uranium enrichment. (L254)
L254: Wikipedia. Uranium tetrachloride. Last Updated 23 May 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium_tetrachloride

7.2 General Manufacturing Information

EPA TSCA Commercial Activity Status
Uranium chloride (UCl4): INACTIVE

8 Safety and Hazards

8.1 Hazards Identification

8.1.1 Hazards Summary

See Uranium and linked occupational diseases.

8.2 Exposure Control and Personal Protection

Exposure Summary
Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Uranium in urine = 200 ug/L at end of shift; [ACGIH]
ACGIH - Documentation of the TLVs and BEIs, 7th Ed. Cincinnati: ACGIH Worldwide, 2020.
ACGIH - Documentation of the TLVs and BEIs, 7th Ed. Cincinnati: ACGIH Worldwide, 2020.

8.2.1 Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

0.05 [mg/m3], as U (sol), 0.25 mg/m3, as U (insol)

8.2.2 Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

10.0 [mg/m3], as U

8.2.3 Threshold Limit Values (TLV)

0.2 [mg/m3], as U
TLV-STEL
0.6 [mg/m3], as U

9 Toxicity

9.1 Toxicological Information

9.1.1 Toxicity Summary

Uranium is combined with either bicarbonate or a plasma protein in the blood but once in the kidney, it is released and forms complexes with phosphate ligands and proteins in the tubular wall, causing damage. Uranium may also inhibit both sodium transport-dependent and independent ATP utilization and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the renal proximal tubule. Uranium causes respiratory diseases by damaging alveolar epithelium type II cells in the lungs. Uranium induces c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activation, which in turn induces tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion and generates and inflammatory response in the lungs. Studies have shown that the more soluble the uranium salt, the more toxic it is. Ionizing radiation produced by uranium damages the DNA, resulting in gene mutations and chromosomal aberrations. This can both both initiate and promote carcinogenesis, and interfere with reproduction and development. (L249, A160)
A160: Gazin V, Kerdine S, Grillon G, Pallardy M, Raoul H: Uranium induces TNF alpha secretion and MAPK activation in a rat alveolar macrophage cell line. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Jan 1;194(1):49-59. PMID:14728979
L249: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1999). Toxicological profile for uranium. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp.asp?id=440&tid=77

9.1.2 Carcinogen Classification

Carcinogen Classification
Uranium: Group 1, carcinogenic to humans (L135)

9.1.3 Health Effects

Uranium primarily damages the kidney, but may also damage the lungs, central nervous system, and immune system. Uranium's radioactivity is believed to damage the DNA, resulting in carcinogenic effects and reproductive and developmental damage. (L248, L249)
L248: Wikipedia. Uranium. Last Updated 28 May 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium
L249: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1999). Toxicological profile for uranium. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp.asp?id=440&tid=77

9.1.4 Exposure Routes

Oral (L249) ; inhalation (L249) ; dermal (L249)
L249: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1999). Toxicological profile for uranium. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp.asp?id=440&tid=77

9.1.5 Symptoms

Ingestion of uranium may cause vomiting and diarrhea. (L248)
L248: Wikipedia. Uranium. Last Updated 28 May 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium

9.1.6 Minimum Risk Level

Intermediate Inhalation: 0.0004 mg/m3 (Soluble uranium salts) (L134) Chronic Inhalation: 0.0003 mg/m3 (Soluble uranium salts) (L134) Intermediate Oral: 0.002 mg/kg/day (Soluble uranium salts) (L134) Intermediate Inhalation: 0.008 mg/m3 (Insoluble uranium compounds) (L134)
L134: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2001). Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) for Hazardous Substances. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls/

9.1.7 Treatment

EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

10 Literature

10.1 Consolidated References

10.2 Springer Nature References

10.3 Thieme References

10.4 Wiley References

10.5 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.6 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.7 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

11 Patents

11.1 Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers

11.2 WIPO PATENTSCOPE

11.3 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.4 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

12 Classification

12.1 ChemIDplus

12.2 EPA DSSTox Classification

12.3 EPA TSCA and CDR Classification

12.4 EPA Substance Registry Services Tree

12.5 MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology

13 Information Sources

  1. CAS Common Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The data from CAS Common Chemistry is provided under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
  2. ChemIDplus
    ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classification
    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/ChemIDplus
  3. EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
    EPA TSCA Classification
    https://www.epa.gov/tsca-inventory
  4. EPA DSSTox
    CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Chemical Lists
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/
  5. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
    LICENSE
    Use of the information, documents and data from the ECHA website is subject to the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice, and subject to other binding limitations provided for under applicable law, the information, documents and data made available on the ECHA website may be reproduced, distributed and/or used, totally or in part, for non-commercial purposes provided that ECHA is acknowledged as the source: "Source: European Chemicals Agency, http://echa.europa.eu/". Such acknowledgement must be included in each copy of the material. ECHA permits and encourages organisations and individuals to create links to the ECHA website under the following cumulative conditions: Links can only be made to webpages that provide a link to the Legal Notice page.
    https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/legal-notice
  6. Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
    LICENSE
    Copyright (c) 2022 Haz-Map(R). All rights reserved. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials from Haz-Map are copyrighted by Haz-Map(R). No part of these materials, either text or image may be used for any purpose other than for personal use. Therefore, reproduction, modification, storage in a retrieval system or retransmission, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or otherwise, for reasons other than personal use, is strictly prohibited without prior written permission.
    https://haz-map.com/About
    Uranium tetrachloride
    https://haz-map.com/Agents/1748
  7. Springer Nature
  8. Thieme Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The Thieme Chemistry contribution within PubChem is provided under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
  9. Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
    LICENSE
    T3DB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (T3DB) and the original publication.
    http://www.t3db.ca/downloads
  10. Wikidata
  11. Wikipedia
  12. Wiley
  13. PubChem
  14. EPA Substance Registry Services
  15. MolGenie
    MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology
    https://github.com/MolGenie/ontology/
  16. PATENTSCOPE (WIPO)
CONTENTS