Propane
- C3H8
- CH3CH2CH3
- PROPANE
- n-Propane
- Dimethylmethane
- 74-98-6
- Propyl hydride
- Create:2005-03-26
- Modify:2025-01-18
C3H8
CH3CH2CH3
- PROPANE
- n-Propane
- Dimethylmethane
- 74-98-6
- Propyl hydride
- propan
- Propyldihydride
- Propane liquefied
- A-108
- Praseodymium doped ceria
- Purifrigor p 3.5
- HC 290
- HSDB 1672
- R 290
- EINECS 200-827-9
- CH3-CH2-CH3
- INS NO.944
- E944
- UNII-T75W9911L6
- CHEBI:32879
- INS-944
- T75W9911L6
- 130071-47-5
- cerium oxide, praseodymium doped
- DTXSID5026386
- E-944
- EC 200-827-9
- PROPANE (II)
- PROPANE [II]
- PROPANE (MART.)
- PROPANE [MART.]
- Bottled gas
- dimethyl methane
- Propane [USAN:NF]
- UN1978
- C3H8
- n-Propane-
- Propane (NF)
- Praseodymium Nanofoil
- Propane, 98%
- Freon 290
- PROPANE [VANDF]
- PROPANE [HSDB]
- PROPANE [FCC]
- PROPANE [MI]
- Propane, 99.97%
- PROPANE [WHO-DD]
- LPG (liquefied petroleum gas)
- CHEMBL135416
- DTXCID006386
- QSPL 135
- Propane, tank for propane torch
- Ultra Thin Praseodymium Nanofoil
- DTXSID60174094
- IPZJQDSFZGZEOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- AKOS009159189
- UN 1978
- Propane, 99.95%, Messer(R) CANGas
- NS00005747
- InChI=1/C3H8/c1-3-2/h3H2,1-2H
- C20783
- D05625
- Q131189
- 1DDB43B7-5E0D-48E4-8F15-3D3D5116098A
Odor Threshold Low: 12225.0 [ppm]
Odor Threshold High: 20005.0 [ppm]
Odor threshold from AIHA
- Coriolis coupling
- Gibbs energy
- Schoenflies notation
- Acentric factor
- Band structure
- Boiling point
- Centrifugal distortion
- Chemical bond
- Chemical diffusion
- Composition
- Compressibility
- Core level transition
- Corrosion
- Critical point
- Density
- Diamagnetic susceptibility
- Dielectric constant
- Diffusion
- Diffusive flux
- Electric dipole moment
- Electron conductivity
- Electronic structure
- Enthalpy
- Entropy
- Equilibrium structure
- Excess enthalpy
- Fusion temperature
- Heat capacity
- Heat flow rate
- Heat of solution
- Heat of sublimation
- Heat transfer coefficient
- High pressure fluid phase equilibrium
- Hindering potential
- Hydrogen bonding potential
- Internuclear distance
- Ionic conductivity
- Magnetic anisotropy
- Magnetic susceptibility
- Melting curve
- Melting temperature
- Mixing enthalpy
- Molar mass
- Molecular dipole moment
- Molecular structure
- Moment of inertia
- Nuclear quadrupole coupling
- Nuclear quadrupole moment
- Optical coefficient
- Phase diagram
- Phase equilibrium
- Phase transition
- Photoemission
- Photoemission spectroscopy
- Point group
- Quadrupole coupling
- Refractive index
- Rotation-vibration spectrum
- Rotational excitation cross section
- Self-diffusion
- Surface tension
- Thermal conductivity
- Thermal expansion coefficient
- Transition enthalpy
- Valence band
- Vapor pressure
- Vapor-liquid equilibrium
- Vibrational mode frequency
- Virial coefficient
- Viscosity
- Cytoplasm
- Extracellular
- Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
- Adsorbents and absorbents
- Fuel
- Fuel agents
- Intermediate
- Functional fluids (closed systems)
- Fuels and fuel additives
- Dispersing agent
- Intermediates
- Propellants and blowing agents
- Adhesives and sealant chemicals
- Laboratory chemicals
- Other (specify)
- Energy Releasers (explosives, motive propellant)
- Functional fluids (open systems)
- Refrigerants
- Monomers
- Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)
- Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
- Processing aids not otherwise specified
- Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents)
- Plasticizer
- Corrosion inhibitor
- Processing aids, specific to petroleum production
- Functional fluids (closed systems)
- Intermediate
- Fuel
- Fuel agents
- Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
- Adhesives and sealant chemicals
- Propellants and blowing agents
- Intermediates
- Fuels and fuel additives
- Other (specify)
- Adhesion/cohesion promoter
- Laboratory chemicals
- Refrigerants
- Functional fluids (open systems)
Information on 2370 consumer products that contain Propane in the following categories is provided:
• Auto Products
• Commercial / Institutional
• Hobby/Craft
• Home Maintenance
• Home Office
• Inside the Home
• Landscaping/Yard
• Personal Care
• Pesticides
• Pet Care
2019: 140,000,000,000 - <150,000,000,000 lb
2018: 130,000,000,000 - <140,000,000,000 lb
2017: 120,000,000,000 - <130,000,000,000 lb
2016: 100,000,000,000 - <110,000,000,000 lb
- Organic Fiber Manufacturing
- Industrial Gas Manufacturing
- Wholesale and Retail Trade
- Miscellaneous Manufacturing
- Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing
- Paint and Coating Manufacturing
- Machinery Manufacturing
- Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing
- All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
- Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting
- Petroleum Refineries
- Other (requires additional information)
- Utilities
- Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
- All other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing
- Construction
- Oil and Gas Drilling, Extraction, and Support activities
- Petrochemical Manufacturing
- Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable
- Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing
H220 (99.5%): Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]
H280 (38.7%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]
P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, P403, and P410+P403
(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 2226 reports by companies from 30 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown.
Flam. Gas 1 (99.5%)
Press. Gas (Liq.) (38.7%)
Flammable gas - category 1
Gases under pressure
· Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning, especially when in closed or confined areas.
· Some may be irritating if inhaled at high concentrations.
· Contact with gas, liquefied gas or cryogenic liquids may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite.
· Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.
· EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.
· Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
· Will form explosive mixtures with air.
· Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.
CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966), Methane (UN1971) and Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed (UN2034) are lighter than air and will rise. Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)
· Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
· Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices.
· Containers may explode when heated.
· Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
CAUTION: When LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972) is released on or near water, product may vaporize explosively.
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) = 23,000 ppm * = >10% LEL; ** = >50% LEL; *** = >100% LEL AEGL 2 - 10 min/30 min/60 min/4 hr/8 hr = ** 17,000 ppm AEGL 3 - 10 min/30 min/60 min/4 hr/8 hr = *** 33,000 ppm For values denoted as * safety considerations against the hazard(s) of explosion(s) must be taken into account. For values denoted as ** and *** extreme safety considerations against the hazard(s) of explosion(s) must be taken into account.
AEGLs Status: Final
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Propane:
Eye: FROSTBITE - If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.
Skin: FROSTBITE - If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush them with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas. If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water.
Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 2024)
General First Aid:
· Call 911 or emergency medical service.
· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.
· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.
· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
· If victim is not breathing:
-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingestedor inhaled the substance.
-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).
-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuouscompressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.
· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.
· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.
· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
· Keep victim calm and warm.
· Keep victim under observation.
· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.
· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.
Specific First Aid:
· Clothing frozen to the skin should be thawed before being removed.
· In case of contact with liquefied gas, only medical personnel should attempt thawing frosted parts.
· In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
In Canada, an Emergency Response Assistance Plan (ERAP) may be required for this product. Please consult the shipping paper and/or the "ERAP" section.
(See general first aid procedures)
Eye: Frostbite - If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.
Skin: Frostbite - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.
Breathing: Respiratory support
Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:
DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed (UN2034) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.).
SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.
LARGE FIRE: Water spray or fog. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972) pool fires, DO NOT USE water. Use dry chemical or high-expansion foam.
FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)
· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
· Keep unauthorized personnel away.
· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.
· Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).
· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
· All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
· If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.
· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.
· Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.
CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972), DO NOT apply water, regular or alcohol-resistant foam directly on spill. Use a high-expansion foam if available to reduce vapors.
· Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas.
· Isolate area until gas has dispersed.
CAUTION: When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning.
Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:
IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.
LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).
FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. In fires involving Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (UN1075), Butane (UN1011), Butylene (UN1012), Isobutylene (UN1055), Propylene (UN1077), Isobutane (UN1969), and Propane (UN1978), also refer to the "BLEVE - Safety Precautions" section. (ERG, 2024)
Immediate precautionary measure
· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.
Large Spill
· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).
Fire
· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.
· In fires involving Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (UN1075), Butane (UN1011), Butylene (UN1012), Isobutylene (UN1055), Propylene (UN1077), Isobutane (UN1969), and Propane (UN1978), also refer to the "BLEVE - Safety Precautions" section.
Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972), DO NOT apply water, regular or alcohol-resistant foam directly on spill. Use a high-expansion foam if available to reduce vapors. Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. CAUTION: When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning. (ERG, 2024)
· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.
· Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids.
2100.0 [ppm]
Excerpts from Documentation for IDLHs: It has been reported that brief inhalation exposures to 10,000 ppm propane cause no symptoms in humans [Braker and Mossman 1980]. Propane is considered to be a simple asphyxiant [ACGIH 1991].
2100 ppm [10%LEL]
See: 74986
· DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.
CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Hydrogen and Methane mixture, compressed (UN2034) will burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.)
Small Fire
· Dry chemical or CO2.
Large Fire
· Water spray or fog.
· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.
CAUTION: For LNG - Liquefied natural gas (UN1972) pool fires, DO NOT USE water. Use dry chemical or high-expansion foam.
Fire Involving Tanks
· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.
· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
· Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.
· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.
· For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.
Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Propane:
Skin: FROSTBITE - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.
Eyes: FROSTBITE - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite.
Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift).
Remove: WHEN WET (FLAMMABLE) - Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard (i.e., for liquids with a flash point <100 °F).
Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the workshift.
Provide: FROSTBITE WASH - Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating. (NIOSH, 2024)
(See personal protection and sanitation codes)
Skin: Frostbite - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen.
Eyes: Frostbite - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite.
Wash skin: No recommendation
Remove: When wet (flammable)
Change: No recommendation
Provide: Frostbite wash - Quick drench facilities and/or eyewash fountains should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is any possibility of exposure to liquids that are extremely cold or rapidly evaporating.
NIOSH/OSHA
Up to 2100 ppm:
(APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator
(APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece
Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions:
(APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode
(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus
Escape:
Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus
Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome
Other Poison - Simple Asphyxiant
Asphyxiation, simple [Category: Acute Poisoning]
Solvents, acute toxic effect [Category: Acute Poisoning]
Patents are available for this chemical structure:
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/result.jsf?inchikey=ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Patents are available for this chemical structure:
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/result.jsf?inchikey=WWDRUPNDOSDMRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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