Methamphetamine
- METHAMPHETAMINE
- Metamfetamine
- d-Deoxyephedrine
- d-Desoxyephedrine
- d-Methamphetamine
- Create:2004-09-16
- Modify:2025-01-18
- Deoxyephedrine
- Desoxyephedrine
- Desoxyn
- Hydrochloride, Methamphetamine
- Madrine
- Metamfetamine
- Methamphetamine
- Methamphetamine Hydrochloride
- Methylamphetamine
- N Methylamphetamine
- N-Methylamphetamine
- METHAMPHETAMINE
- Metamfetamine
- d-Deoxyephedrine
- d-Desoxyephedrine
- d-Methamphetamine
- Methylamphetamine
- d-N-Methylamphetamine
- Metamphetamine
- d-Methylamphetamine
- N-Methylamphetamine
- d-Phenylisopropylmethylamine
- (S)-Methamphetamine
- D-1-Phenyl-2-methylaminopropane
- Norodin
- (S)-Methylamphetamine
- (+)-Methylamphetamine
- d-(S)-Methamphetamine
- 537-46-2
- Metamfetamina
- Metamfetaminum
- Metanfetamina
- Methyl-beta-phenylisopropylamine
- (+)-N-Methylamphetamine
- (+)-(S)-Deoxyephedrine
- (S)-(+)-Deoxyephedrine
- (2S)-N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
- 1-Phenyl-2-methylaminopropane
- Desyphed
- S-(+)-Methamphetamine
- (+)-methamphetamine
- (S)-N,alpha-Dimethylbenzeneethanamine
- D-N,alpha-dimethylphenethylamine
- Crank
- Methamphetaminum
- Meth
- Crystal Meth
- Metamfetamine [INN]
- (+)-2-(N-Methylamino)-1-phenylpropane
- Metamfetaminum [INN-Latin]
- Metamfetamina [INN-Spanish]
- Metanfetamina [INN-Spanish]
- Methamphetaminum [INN-Latin]
- (+)-N,alpha-Dimethylphenethylamine
- dextromethamphetamine
- D-1-Phenyl-2-methylaminopropan
- (+)-N,alpha-Dimethyl-beta-phenylethylamine
- Meth (Street Name)
- N-Methyl-beta-phenylisopropylamine
- 1-Phenyl-2-methylamino-propan [German]
- (+)-(S)-N-alpha-Dimethylphenethylamine
- Metamfetaminum [Latin]
- d-1-Phenyl-2-methylaminopropan [German]
- 2S-(+)-Methamphetamine
- (S)-(+)-Methamphetamine
- (alphaS)-N,alpha-dimethylbenzeneethanamine
- ICE [Street Name]
- N-Methyl-beta-phenylisopropylamin [German]
- Crank [Street Name]
- Speed [Street Name]
- NSC 25115
- CHEBI:6809
- HSDB 3359
- (s)-phenylmethylaminopropane
- EINECS 208-668-7
- Crystal Meth [Street Name]
- NSC-25115
- (S)-N,alpha-Dimethylbenzeneethanoamine
- UNII-44RAL3456C
- (S)-(+)-N,alpha,dimethylphenethylamine
- Metamfetamine (INN)
- Phenethylamine, N,alpha-dimethyl-, (+)-
- 44RAL3456C
- Benzeneethanamine, N,alpha-dimethyl-, (S)-
- Methyl-.beta.-phenylisopropylamine
- d-N,.alpha.-Dimethylphenethylamine
- Stimulex
- Speed
- Benzeneethanamine, N,alpha-dimethyl-, (alphaS)-
- J6.362B
- DTXSID8037128
- Desoxyephedrine hydrochloride
- 1-Phenyl-2-methylamino-propan
- Crank (Street Name)
- ICE (Street Name)
- Speed (Street Name)
- N-Methyl-beta-phenylisopropylamin
- Metamfetaminum (Latin)
- Methamphetaminum [JP]
- Metanfetamina [Spanish]
- Metamfetaminum (INN-Latin)
- Crystal Meth (Street Name)
- Metamfetamina (INN-Spanish)
- Metanfetamina (INN-Spanish)
- Methamphetaminum (INN-Latin)
- N Methylamphetamine
- N-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanamine
- (+ )-Methylamphetamine
- Benzeneethanamine, N,alpha-dimethyl-, (+)-
- DEA No. 1105
- B40
- metamfetamine racemate
- Methamphetamine (MA)
- Benzeneethanamine, N,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (S)-
- Phenethylamine, N,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (S)-(+)-
- Epitope ID:178090
- intra-venous methamphetamine
- Phenethylamine, N,alpha-dimethyl-, (S)-(+)-
- Benzeneethanamine,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (S)-
- d-N,a-dimethylphenethylamine
- METHAMPHETAMINE [MI]
- SCHEMBL42615
- Phenethylamine,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (S)-(+)-
- METHAMPHETAMINE [HSDB]
- METAMFETAMINE [WHO-DD]
- METHAMPHETAMINE [VANDF]
- CHEMBL1201201
- DTXCID6017128
- WLN: 1MY1&1R -D
- N06BA03
- N,I+/--Dimethyl-phenethyl amine
- Desyphed hydrochloride (Salt/Mix)
- NSC25115
- N-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-propanamine #
- BDBM50359499
- PDSP1_001404
- PDSP1_001405
- PDSP2_001388
- PDSP2_001389
- (+)-N,.alpha.-Dimethylphenethylamine
- (S)-N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
- DB01577
- Desoxyephedrine hydrochloride (Salt/Mix)
- methyl[(2S)-1-phenylpropan-2-yl]amine
- Phenethylamine,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (+)-
- (+)-(S)-N-.alpha.-Dimethylphenethylamine
- Benzeneethanamine,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (+)-
- NS00000412
- Phenethylamine, N,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (+)-
- Benzeneethanamine, N,.alpha.-dimethyl-, (+)-
- C07164
- D08187
- (+)-N,.alpha.-Dimethyl-.beta.-phenylethylamine
- Q191924
- Phenethylamine, N,alpha-dimethyl-, (S)-(+)- (8CI)
- Benzeneethanamine, N,alpha-dimethyl-, (alphaS)- (9CI)
- (+)-N,.alpha.-Dimethylphenethylamine hydrochloride (Salt/Mix)
91.0543 100
150.1277 19.89
119.0855 16.04
150.1279 100
91.0543 71.95
119.0855 28.24
119.0857 999
150.1279 929
91.0543 478
104.0621 2
150.1278 999
119.0856 138
91.0542 83
- Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (has salt form)
- Methamphetamine saccharate (is active moiety of)
(Trade Name:Desoxyn®; Street Names:Meth, Speed, Crystal, Glass, Ice, Crank, Yaba)
- Kidney
- Liver
- Cytoplasm
- Membrane
P264, P270, P301+P316, P321, P330, P405, and P501
(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 42 reports by companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.
Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown.
M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. FDA-Approved Drug Labeling for the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Drug Discovery Today, 16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007
M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans. Drug Discov Today 2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation
Because there is no published experience with methamphetamine as a therapeutic agent during breastfeeding, an alternate drug may be preferred, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant. One expert recommends that amphetamines not be used therapeutically in nursing mothers.
Methamphetamine should not be used as a recreational drug by nursing mothers because it may impair their judgment and childcare abilities. Methamphetamine and its metabolite, amphetamine, are detectable in breastmilk and infant's serum after abuse of methamphetamine by nursing mothers. However, these data are from random collections rather than controlled studies because of ethical considerations in administering recreational methamphetamine to nursing mothers. Other factors to consider are the possibility of positive urine tests in breastfed infants which might have legal implications, and the possibility of other harmful contaminants in street drugs. Breastfeeding is generally discouraged in mothers who are actively abusing amphetamines. In mothers who abuse methamphetamine while nursing, withholding breastfeeding for 48 to 100 hours after the maternal use been recommended, although in many mothers methamphetamine is undetectable in breastmilk after an average of 72 hours from the last use. It has been suggested that breastfeeding can be reinstated 24 hours after a negative maternal urine screen for amphetamines.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants
A 2-month-old infant whose mother used illicit street methamphetamine recreationally by nasal inhalation was found dead 8 hours after a small amount of breastfeeding and ingestion of 120 to 180 mL of formula. The infant's serum methamphetamine concentration on autopsy was 39 mcg/L. Although the infant's mother was convicted of child endangerment for the use of methamphetamine during breastfeeding, the role that methamphetamine played in the infant's death has been questioned because of the low infant serum methamphetamine concentration and the mother's alleged minimal breastfeeding.
South Australian government pathologists reported the death of a breastfed infant who was co-sleeping with its mother. Methamphetamine was found in a “significant” concentration in the infant on autopsy and the drug in breastmilk was thought to be potentially contributory to the death. These authors also reported that in prior deaths of infants under 12 months of age, detectable methamphetamine and its metabolite, amphetamine, may have been partially obtained via breastmilk. Pathologists from the New Zealand government confirmed similar findings in their country.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
A single oral dose of 0.2 mg/kg to a maximum of 17.5 mg of d-methamphetamine was given to 6 subjects (4 male and 2 female). Serum prolactin concentrations were unchanged over a period of 300 minutes after the dose.
In 2 papers by the same authors, 20 women with normal physiologic hyperprolactinemia were studied on days 2 or 3 postpartum. Eight received dextroamphetamine 7.5 mg intravenously, 6 received 15 mg intravenously and 6 who served as controls received intravenous saline. The 7.5 mg dose reduced serum prolactin by 25 to 32% compared to control, but the difference was not statistically significant. The 15 mg dose significantly decreased serum prolactin by 30 to 37% at times after the infusion. No assessment of milk production was presented. The authors also quoted data from another study showing that a 20 mg oral dose of dextroamphetamine produced a sustained suppression of serum prolactin by 40% in postpartum women.
A study compared 31 methamphetamine-dependent subject to 23 non-dependent subjects. The serum prolactin concentrations in the methamphetamine-dependent subjects were elevated at days 2 and 30 of abstinence. The elevation was greater in women than in men. The maternal prolactin level in a mother with established lactation may not affect her ability to breastfeed.
In a retrospective Australian study, mothers who used intravenous amphetamines during pregnancy were less likely to be breastfeeding their newborn infants at discharge than mothers who abused other drugs (27% vs 42%). The cause of this difference was not determined.
A prospective, multicenter study followed mothers who used methamphetamine prenatally (n = 204) to those who did not (n = 208). Infants exposed to methamphetamine exhibited poor suck, excessive suck and more jitteriness compared to nonexposed infants. Mothers who used methamphetamine were less likely to breastfeed their infants (38%) at hospital discharge than those who did not use methamphetamine (76%).
◈ What is methamphetamine?
Methamphetamine is also known as metamfetamine, methylamphetamine, and desoxyephedrine. Other names for methamphetamine include “meth,” “crystal meth,” “crank,” “speed” or “ice.” Methamphetamine has been smoked, snorted, swallowed, injected, inhaled, taken rectally, or dissolved under the tongue.Methamphetamine has been used illegally without medical supervision. It has also been prescribed by a healthcare provider for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This sheet will focus on the use of methamphetamine without medical supervision.
◈ I take methamphetamine. Can it make it harder for me to get pregnant?
Methamphetamine has not been studied to see if using it could make it harder to get pregnant.
◈ I just found out that I am pregnant, should I stop taking methamphetamine?
If you are using methamphetamine without medical supervision (sometimes called recreational use), treatment is available to help you stop. Talk to your healthcare provider as soon as possible so that you can start treatment. If you do not have a healthcare provider, call the national number for drug treatment referral at 800-662-4357. When you call, let them know that you are pregnant so that you can get connected to the best facility to meet your needs.
◈ Does taking methamphetamine increase the chance of miscarriage?
Miscarriage is common and can occur in any pregnancy for many different reasons. Based on the studies reviewed, methamphetamine use might increase the chance for miscarriage.
◈ Does taking methamphetamine increase the chance of birth defects?
Every pregnancy starts out with a 3-5% chance of having a birth defect. This is called the background risk. Based on the studies reviewed, it is not known if methamphetamine increases the chance for birth defects above the background risk. Information on whether methamphetamine increases the chance of birth defects is mixed. This makes it hard to know the actual risks for each person who uses methamphetamine.
◈ What can I do to find out if the baby has a birth defect or other problems?
It is important to talk with your healthcare provider about any exposures you have had during your pregnancy. They can help you find treatment or support and can go over any screening options that are available. A detailed ultrasound can screen for some birth defects. There is no test in pregnancy that can look for learning problems. Once your baby is born, you should also tell your child’s healthcare provider so your baby can get the care that is best for them.
◈ Does taking methamphetamine in pregnancy increase the chance of other pregnancy-related problems?
Methamphetamine use has been linked to a higher chance for preterm delivery (delivery before 37 weeks of pregnancy), poor growth (babies born too small and/or with a small head size), and low birth weight (weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces [2500 grams] at birth). Some studies have suggested that methamphetamine use in pregnancy can increase the chance for high blood pressure, placental abruption (the placenta pulls away from the uterus) and for fetal death or infant death. Some studies also show an association between methamphetamine misuse and a higher chance of postpartum mood disorders. Pregnancy complications are more likely to happen when methamphetamine is used throughout the whole pregnancy or when taken at high doses.
◈ Will my baby have withdrawal if I continue to take methamphetamine?
When people who are pregnant use methamphetamines near the end of their pregnancy, babies could show signs of withdrawal after they are born. Symptoms can include trouble eating, sleeping too little or too much, having floppy (poor) muscle control or tight muscles, being jittery, and / or having a hard time breathing. Withdrawal symptoms usually go away within a few weeks but can last for a few months. The baby might need to be admitted to the special care nursery (NICU). It is important that your healthcare providers know you are taking methamphetamine so that if symptoms occur your baby can get the care that is best for them.
◈ Does taking methamphetamine in pregnancy affect future behavior or learning for the child?
Studies have suggested that children who were exposed to methamphetamine during pregnancy could have a higher chance for changes in their brain development, as well as learning and behavior problems later in life.
◈ Breastfeeding while taking methamphetamine:
Methamphetamine can pass into breast milk. Methamphetamine should not be used without medical supervision while breastfeeding. If methamphetamine is used, it has been suggested to express and discard breastmilk for 48-100 hours. Be sure to talk to your healthcare provider about all of your breastfeeding questions.
◈ If a male takes methamphetamine, could it affect fertility (ability to get partner pregnant) or increase the chance of birth defects?
Methamphetamine misuse might affect the sperm, making it harder to get someone pregnant. Studies have not been done to see if methamphetamine could increase the chance of birth defects above the background risk. In general, exposures that fathers or sperm donors have are unlikely to increase risks to a pregnancy. For more information, please see the MotherToBaby fact sheet Paternal Exposures at https://mothertobaby.org/fact-sheets/paternal-exposures-pregnancy/,
Patents are available for this chemical structure:
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/result.jsf?inchikey=MYWUZJCMWCOHBA-VIFPVBQESA-N
- CAS Common ChemistryLICENSEThe data from CAS Common Chemistry is provided under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Methamphetaminehttps://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=537-46-2
- ChemIDplusMetamfetamine [INN]https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/?source=chemidplus&sourceid=0000537462ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classificationhttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/ChemIDplus
- DrugBankLICENSECreative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode)https://www.drugbank.ca/legal/terms_of_useMetamfetaminehttps://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01577
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- ChEBIMethamphetaminehttps://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:6809
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- SpectraBaseD-Methamphetaminehttps://spectrabase.com/spectrum/706bQwYiZbFMethamphetaminehttps://spectrabase.com/spectrum/JoVnfiRvajz(+)-Methamphetaminehttps://spectrabase.com/spectrum/4ROOtChDG8c
- Springer Nature
- SpringerMaterialsN,α-Dimethyl-phenethyl aminehttps://materials.springer.com/substanceprofile/docs/smsid_algfmsgcstksyytx
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- WikidataD-methamphetaminehttps://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191924
- WikipediaAntamanidehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AntamanideMethamphetaminehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetamine
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