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Chlorotrifluoromethane

PubChem CID
6392
Structure
Chlorotrifluoromethane_small.png
Chlorotrifluoromethane_3D_Structure.png
Molecular Formula
Synonyms
  • CHLOROTRIFLUOROMETHANE
  • Trifluoromethyl chloride
  • 75-72-9
  • Trifluorochloromethane
  • Monochlorotrifluoromethane
Molecular Weight
104.46 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Dates
  • Create:
    2005-03-27
  • Modify:
    2025-01-25
Description
Chlorotrifluoromethane is a colorless odorless gas. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. It is noncombustible. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket.

1 Structures

1.1 2D Structure

Chemical Structure Depiction
Chlorotrifluoromethane.png

1.2 3D Conformer

2 Names and Identifiers

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

chloro(trifluoro)methane
Computed by Lexichem TK 2.7.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/CClF3/c2-1(3,4)5
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.3 InChIKey

AFYPFACVUDMOHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.4 SMILES

C(F)(F)(F)Cl
Computed by OEChem 2.3.0 (PubChem release 2024.12.12)

2.2 Molecular Formula

CClF3
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
CClF3

2.3 Other Identifiers

2.3.1 CAS

75-72-9

2.3.2 Deprecated CAS

1519044-52-0, 185009-43-2
185009-43-2

2.3.3 European Community (EC) Number

2.3.4 UNII

2.3.5 UN Number

2.3.6 DSSTox Substance ID

2.3.7 ICSC Number

2.3.8 Nikkaji Number

2.3.9 Wikidata

2.3.10 Wikipedia

2.4 Synonyms

2.4.1 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

3.1 Computed Properties

Property Name
Molecular Weight
Property Value
104.46 g/mol
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
XLogP3-AA
Property Value
2
Reference
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
Property Value
3
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Rotatable Bond Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Exact Mass
Property Value
103.9640622 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Monoisotopic Mass
Property Value
103.9640622 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Topological Polar Surface Area
Property Value
0 Ų
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Heavy Atom Count
Property Value
5
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Formal Charge
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Complexity
Property Value
28.4
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Isotope Atom Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
Property Value
1
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Compound Is Canonicalized
Property Value
Yes
Reference
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.10.14)

3.2 Experimental Properties

3.2.1 Physical Description

Chlorotrifluoromethane is a colorless odorless gas. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. It is noncombustible. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket.
Colorless, odorless gas; [CHRIS]
COLOURLESS LIQUEFIED GAS WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

3.2.2 Color / Form

Colorless gas
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 274

3.2.3 Odor

Ethereal
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 274

3.2.4 Boiling Point

-114 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
-81.4 °C @ 760 MM HG
Lide, D.R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 76th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 1995-1996., p. 3-206
-81.4 °C

3.2.5 Melting Point

-294 °F (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
-181 °C
Lide, D.R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 76th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc., 1995-1996., p. 3-206

3.2.6 Solubility

Water solubility = 60.1 mg/l @ 25 °C
Hine J, Mookerjee PK; J Org Chem 40: 292-8 (1975)
Solubility in water: none

3.2.7 Density

Critical density: 0.581 g/cu cm
Gerhartz, W. (exec ed.). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 5th ed.Vol A1: Deerfield Beach, FL: VCH Publishers, 1985 to Present., p. VA11 356
Relative density (water = 1): 1.3

3.2.8 Vapor Density

1.298 at -22 °F (USCG, 1999) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Relative vapor density (air = 1): 3.6

3.2.9 Vapor Pressure

24816 mmHg (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
21400.0 [mmHg]
21,400 mm Hg @ 25 °C
Perry RH, Green D; Perry's Chemical Handbook. Physical and Chemical data. NY, NY: McGraw-Hill 6th ed (1984)

3.2.10 LogP

log Kow = 1.65
Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 3
1.65

3.2.11 Henry's Law Constant

Henry's Law constant = 1.38 atm-cu m/mol @ 25 °C
Park T et al; J Chem Eng Data 27:324-6 (1982)

3.2.12 Decomposition

When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of ... /hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride/.
Lewis, R.J. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 9th ed. Volumes 1-3. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996., p. 840

3.2.13 Heat of Vaporization

3996.3 gcal/gmol
Weast, R.C. (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 60th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc., 1979., p. C-727

3.2.14 Relative Evaporation Rate

Heat of Evaporation at boiling point = 14,580 J/kg
Gerhartz, W. (exec ed.). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 5th ed.Vol A1: Deerfield Beach, FL: VCH Publishers, 1985 to Present., p. VA11 363

3.2.15 Kovats Retention Index

Standard non-polar
209
Semi-standard non-polar
190 , 190 , 191

3.2.16 Other Experimental Properties

Heavier than air
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 274
vapor pressure = 1 mm HG @ -149.5 °C; 10 mm HG @ -134.1 °C; 40 mm HG @ -121.9 °C; 100 mm HG @ -111.7 °C; 400 mm HG @ -92.7 °C
Weast, R.C. (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 60th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc., 1979., p. D-200
Hydroxyl radical rate constant = 7.0X10-16 cu m/molc-sec @ 25 °C
Atkinson R; Journal of Physical And Chemical Reference Data. Monograph No 1 (1989)
Dielectric constant (liquid): 2.3 at -30 °C; (vapor): 1.0013 at 29 °C
Gerhartz, W. (exec ed.). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 5th ed.Vol A1: Deerfield Beach, FL: VCH Publishers, 1985 to Present., p. VA11 363

3.3 SpringerMaterials Properties

3.4 Chemical Classes

3.4.1 Solvents

Solvents -> Chlorofluorocarbons

4 Spectral Information

4.1 1D NMR Spectra

1D NMR Spectra

4.1.1 19F NMR Spectra

1 of 2
Copyright
Copyright © 2016-2024 W. Robien, Inst. of Org. Chem., Univ. of Vienna. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
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2 of 2
Instrument Name
Varian HA-100
Copyright
Copyright © 2002-2024 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. All Rights Reserved.
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4.2 Mass Spectrometry

4.2.1 GC-MS

1 of 4
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NIST Number
20034
Library
Main library
Total Peaks
22
m/z Top Peak
69
m/z 2nd Highest
85
m/z 3rd Highest
50
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2 of 4
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NIST Number
1334
Library
Replicate library
Total Peaks
22
m/z Top Peak
69
m/z 2nd Highest
85
m/z 3rd Highest
50
Thumbnail
Thumbnail

4.2.2 Other MS

Other MS
MASS: 292 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York)

4.3 IR Spectra

IR Spectra
IR: 4083 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Prism Collection)

4.3.1 Vapor Phase IR Spectra

1 of 2
Instrument Name
DIGILAB FTS-14
Technique
Vapor Phase
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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2 of 2
Source of Spectrum
Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC.
Source of Sample
Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC.
Catalog Number
295175
Copyright
Copyright © 2021-2024 Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. - Database Compilation Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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6 Chemical Vendors

7 Pharmacology and Biochemistry

7.1 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

...MAIN FACTOR AFFECTING FATE OF FLUOROCARBONS IS BODY FAT, WHERE THEY ARE CONCENTRATED & SLOWLY RELEASED INTO BLOOD AT CONCN THAT SHOULD NOT CAUSE ANY RISK OF CARDIAC SENSITIZATION. /FLUOROCARBONS/
National Research Council. Drinking Water & Health Volume 1. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1977., p. 781

8 Use and Manufacturing

8.1 Uses

Sources/Uses
Used as a refrigerant, coolant, dielectic, metal hardener, and etching gas; [HSDB]
Dielectric & aerospace chemical; coolant; hardening of metals
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 274
USED AS ETCH GAS IN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BOARD MANUFACTURE /FROM TABLE/
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd ed., Volumes 1-26. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons, 1978-1984., p. V13 640
Used as a refrigerant or as an azeotrope with CHF3 for very low temperature applications.
Fabian P; pp. 23-51 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Vol 4. Hutzinger O ed. Berlin,Germany: Springer-Verlag (1986)

8.1.1 Use Classification

Hazard Classes and Categories ->

8.2 Methods of Manufacturing

From dichlorodifluoromethane in vapor phase with aluminum chloride catalyst.
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 274

8.3 Formulations / Preparations

Grade: 99.0% minimum purity
Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 274

8.4 Consumption Patterns

CFC-13 ... IS /PRIMARILY USED/ AS A SPECIALTY LOW TEMPERATURE REFRIGERANT (1984)
CHEMICAL PRODUCTS SYNOPSIS: FLUOROCARBONS, 1984
REFRIGERANTS, 39%; FOAM BLOWING AGENTS, 17%; SOLVENTS, 14%; FLUOROPOLYMERS, 14%; STERILANT GAS, 2%; AEROSOL PROPELLANTS, 2%; FOOD FREEZANT, 1%; OTHER, 8%; EXPORTS, 3% (1985) /FLUOROCARBONS/
CHEMICAL PROFILE: FLUOROCARBONS, 1986

8.5 U.S. Production

(1972) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS
SRI
(1975) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS
SRI

8.6 General Manufacturing Information

EPA TSCA Commercial Activity Status
Methane, chlorotrifluoro-: ACTIVE

9 Identification

9.1 Analytic Laboratory Methods

Concn of approx 4 ppt were measured in air using gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy.
Penkett SA et al; Atmospheric measurements of carbon tetrafluoride and other fluorocarbons containing the carbon trifluoride grouping; J Geophys Res 86 (6): 5172-8 (1981)
Trace gases have been measured, by electron-capture gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Rasmussen RA et al; Atmospheric trace gases in Antarctica; Science (Washington, DC, 1883-) 211 (4479): 285-7 (1981)

10 Safety and Hazards

10.1 Hazards Identification

10.1.1 GHS Classification

1 of 2
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Pictogram(s)
Compressed Gas
Irritant
Signal
Warning
GHS Hazard Statements

H280 (100%): Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated [Warning Gases under pressure]

H420 (33.9%): Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere [Warning Hazardous to the ozone layer]

Precautionary Statement Codes

P410+P403, and P502

(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.)

ECHA C&L Notifications Summary

Aggregated GHS information provided per 112 reports by companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown.

10.1.2 Hazard Classes and Categories

Press. Gas (Liq.) (100%)

Ozone 1 (33.9%)

Gases under pressure - Liquefied gas

10.1.3 Health Hazards

Exposure may cause nausea, dizziness, and headache, and rapid suffocation. Contact with skin may cause frostbite. (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

· Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning, especially when in closed or confined areas.

· Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.

· Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite.

· Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

10.1.4 Fire Hazards

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic fumes of Cl and F (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

· Some may burn but none ignite readily.

· Containers may explode when heated.

· Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

CAUTION: Aerosols (UN1950) may contain a flammable propellant.

Not combustible. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting.

10.1.5 Hazards Summary

Liquid contact may cause frostbite; [CHRIS] See CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS.

10.1.6 Fire Potential

Nonflammable.
Hawley, G.G. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 10th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1981., p. 244

10.1.7 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations

Slightly irritant.
Hawley, G.G. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 10th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1981., p. 244

10.2 Safety and Hazard Properties

10.2.1 Critical Temperature & Pressure

Critical temperature: 28.8 °C; Critical pressure: 3.86 MPa
Gerhartz, W. (exec ed.). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. 5th ed.Vol A1: Deerfield Beach, FL: VCH Publishers, 1985 to Present., p. VA11 356

10.2.2 Physical Dangers

The gas is heavier than air and may accumulate in lowered spaces causing a deficiency of oxygen.

10.3 First Aid Measures

Inhalation First Aid
Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
Skin First Aid
ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes.
Eye First Aid
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

10.3.1 First Aid

INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

SKIN: Wash affected areas with warm water. DO NOT USE HOT WATER. (USCG, 1999)

U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

General First Aid:

· Call 911 or emergency medical service.

· Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.

· Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.

· Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

· If victim is not breathing:

-- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingestedor inhaled the substance.

-- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).

-- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuouscompressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.

· Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

· For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.

· In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

· For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.

· Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

· Keep victim calm and warm.

· Keep victim under observation.

· For further assistance, contact your local Poison Control Center.

· Note: Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) should be done by trained professionals.

Specific First Aid:

· In case of contact with liquefied gas, only medical personnel should attempt thawing frosted parts.

10.4 Fire Fighting

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:

Use extinguishing agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical or CO2.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. Some of these materials, if spilled, may evaporate leaving a flammable residue. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water.

10.4.1 Fire Fighting Procedures

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 256

10.5 Accidental Release Measures

Public Safety: ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· Keep unauthorized personnel away.

· Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream.

· Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks, etc.).

· Ventilate closed spaces before entering, but only if properly trained and equipped.

Spill or Leak: ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

· Do not touch or walk through spilled material.

· Stop leak if you can do it without risk.

· Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.

· Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.

· If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.

· Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

· Allow substance to evaporate.

· Ventilate the area.

10.5.1 Isolation and Evacuation

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile).

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

Evacuation: ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

Immediate precautionary measure

· Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.

Large Spill

· Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 500 meters (1/3 mile).

Fire

· If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

10.5.2 Spillage Disposal

Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. NEVER direct water jet on liquid. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.

10.5.3 Preventive Measures

SUFFICIENT EXHAUST & GENERAL VENTILATION SHOULD BE PROVIDED TO KEEP VAPOR CONCN BELOW RECOMMENDED LEVELS. /FLUOROCARBONS/
International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Vols. I&II. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, 1983., p. 897
If material not involved in fire: Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 256
Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.
Association of American Railroads. Emergency Handling of Hazardous Materials in Surface Transportation. Washington, DC: Association of American Railroads, Bureau of Explosives, 1994., p. 256

10.6 Handling and Storage

10.6.1 Nonfire Spill Response

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:

Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Allow substance to evaporate. Ventilate the area. (ERG, 2024)

10.6.2 Safe Storage

Fireproof if in building.

10.7 Exposure Control and Personal Protection

Protective Clothing: ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

· Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE.

· Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection.

Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAK)
1000.0 [ppm]

10.7.1 Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL)

MAK (Maximale Arbeitsplatz Konzentration)
4300 mg/m

10.7.2 Emergency Response Planning Guidelines

Emergency Response: ERG 2024, Guide 126 (Chlorotrifluoromethane; Refrigerant gas R-13)

· Use extinguishing agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.

Small Fire

· Dry chemical or CO2.

Large Fire

· Water spray, fog or regular foam.

· If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire.

· Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

Fire Involving Tanks

· Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles.

· Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

· Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.

· Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

· ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames.

· Some of these materials, if spilled, may evaporate leaving a flammable residue.

10.7.3 Other Standards Regulations and Guidelines

Federal Republic of Germany Maximum Concentration Value in the Workplace: MAK = 1000 ppm (4330 mg/cu m)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Guide to Occupational Exposure Values-1996. Cincinnati, OH: ACGIH, 1996., p. 25

10.7.4 Inhalation Risk

On loss of containment this substance can cause suffocation by lowering the oxygen content of the air in confined areas.

10.7.5 Effects of Short Term Exposure

Exposure could cause narcotic effects. Exposure at high concentrations could cause asphyxiation. The substance may cause effects on the cardiovascular system. This may result in impaired functions.

10.7.6 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Approved respirator, safety goggles, rubber gloves, safety shoes. (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

10.7.7 Preventions

Fire Prevention
NO contact with hot surfaces. See Chemical Dangers.
Inhalation Prevention
Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.
Skin Prevention
Cold-insulating gloves.
Eye Prevention
Wear safety goggles, face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

10.8 Stability and Reactivity

10.8.1 Air and Water Reactions

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

10.8.2 Reactive Group

Fluorinated Organic Compounds

10.8.3 Reactivity Profile

The reaction of aluminum with various halogenated hydrocarbons produces a self-sustaining reaction with sufficient heat to melt aluminum pieces, examples of other halogenated hydrocarbons are fluorotrichloromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, tetrafluoromethane. The vigor of the reaction appears to be dependent on the combined degree of fluorination and the vapor pressure, [Chem. Eng. News 39(27):44(1961)].

10.9 Transport Information

10.9.1 DOT Emergency Guidelines

/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Fire or Explosion: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2012 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2012
/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Health: Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2012 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2012
/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2012 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2012
/GUIDE 126: GASES - COMPRESSED or LIQUEFIED (Including Refrigerant Gases)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2012 Emergency Response Guidebook. Washington, D.C. 2012
For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CHLOROTRIFLUOROMETHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

10.9.2 Shipping Name / Number DOT/UN/NA/IMO

UN 1022; Chlorotrifluoromethane
IMO 2.2; Chlorotrifluoromethane

10.9.3 Standard Transportation Number

49 045 60; Chlorotrifluoromethane (R-13)

10.9.4 Shipment Methods and Regulations

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./
49 CFR 171.2; U.S. National Archives and Records Administration's Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of February 15, 2006: https://www.ecfr.gov
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.
International Air Transport Association. Dangerous Goods Regulations. 47th Edition. Montreal, Quebec Canada. 2006., p. 165
The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.
International Maritime Organization. International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. London, UK. 2004., p. 42

10.9.5 DOT Label

Non-Flammable Gas

10.9.6 UN Classification

UN Hazard Class: 2.2

10.10 Regulatory Information

The Australian Inventory of Industrial Chemicals
Chemical: Methane, chlorotrifluoro-
New Zealand EPA Inventory of Chemical Status
Chlorotrifluoromethane: Non hazardous

10.10.1 Atmospheric Standards

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Chlorotrifluoromethane is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.
40 CFR 60.489 (7/1/96)

10.11 Other Safety Information

10.11.1 Toxic Combustion Products

ALL FLUOROCARBONS WILL UNDERGO THERMAL DECOMPOSITION WHEN EXPOSED TO FLAME OR RED-HOT METAL. DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS OF THE CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS WILL INCLUDE HYDROFLUORIC & HYDROCHLORIC ACID ALONG WITH SMALLER AMOUNTS OF PHOSGENE & CARBONYL FLUORIDE. THE LAST COMPOUND IS VERY UNSTABLE TO HYDROLYSIS & QUICKLY CHANGES TO HYDROFLUORIC ACID & CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF MOISTURE. /FLUOROCARBONS/
International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Vols. I&II. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, 1983., p. 897

11 Toxicity

11.1 Toxicological Information

11.1.1 Exposure Routes

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

11.1.2 Symptoms

Inhalation Exposure
Confusion. Dizziness. Headache. Unconsciousness.
Skin Exposure
ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.
Eye Exposure
See Skin.

11.1.3 Adverse Effects

Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome

Other Poison - Simple Asphyxiant

11.1.4 Antidote and Emergency Treatment

For immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If victim is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Chlorinated fluorocarbons/
Bronstein, A.C., P.L. Currance; Emergency Care for Hazardous Materials Exposure. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO. Mosby Lifeline. 1994., p. 190
For basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations as needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Minimize physical activity and provide a quiet atmosphere. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... Do not use emetics. Rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water or dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... Treat frostbite with rapid rewarming techniques ... . /Chlorinated fluorocarbons/
Bronstein, A.C., P.L. Currance; Emergency Care for Hazardous Materials Exposure. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO. Mosby Lifeline. 1994., p. 192

11.1.5 Human Toxicity Excerpts

EARLY...HUMAN EXPERIENCE INDICATED THAT HIGH VAPOR CONCN (EG, 20%) MAY CAUSE CONFUSION, PULMONARY IRRITATION, TREMORS & RARELY COMA, BUT THAT THESE EFFECTS WERE GENERALLY TRANSIENT & WITHOUT LATE SEQUELAE. ...CAUSE OF DEATH /FROM ABUSE OF FLUOROCARBONS/ IS IN CONSIDERABLE DOUBT... FREEZING OF AIRWAY SOFT TISSUES CAN PROBABLY BE ELIMINATED AS A CAUSE OF DEATH EXCEPT IN CASES WHERE THE PRODUCT WAS SPRAYED DIRECTLY INTO THE MOUTH FROM ITS CONTAINER OR FROM A BALLOON CONTAINING SOME LIQUID. LARYNGEAL SPASM OR EDEMA, OXYGEN DISPLACEMENT, OR SENSITIZATION OF MYOCARDIUM ENDOGENOUS CATECHOLAMINES WITH SUBSEQUENT VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION APPEAR TO BE REASONABLE POSSIBILITIES. /FLUOROCARBON REFRIGERANTS & PROPELLANTS/
Gosselin, R.E., H.C. Hodge, R.P. Smith, and M.N. Gleason. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1976., p. II-109
EXCESSIVE SKIN CONTACT WITH LIQUID FLUOROCARBONS SHOULD BE MINIMIZED TO PREVENT DEFATTING OF SKIN... /FLUOROCARBONS/
International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Vols. I&II. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, 1983., p. 897
A SPECIAL CLASS OF CHEMICALS SUBJECT TO ABUSE BY INHALATION ARE THE FLUOROHYDROCARBONS... THE "SNIFFING" OF SUCH AEROSOL SPRAYS IS HAZARDOUS PRACTICE. ...110 "SUDDEN SNIFFING DEATHS" /HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED/... IN EACH CASE THE VICTIM SPRAYED THE AEROSOL INTO A PLASTIC BAG, INHALED THE CONTENTS, BECAME EXCITED, RAN 90 M OR SO, COLLAPSED, & DIED. NECROPSY FINDINGS WERE LARGELY NEGATIVE... ALTHOUGH AMOUNT OF PROPELLANT ABSORBED INTO BLOOD FROM USE OF HAIRSPRAY, COSMETIC, HOUSEHOLD, & MEDICATED AEROSOLS MUST VARY WITH CIRCUMSTANCES, PHYSICIAN IS ADVISED TO COUNSEL...PATIENT ON POTENTIAL DANGERS, PARTICULARLY FROM THEIR USE IN POORLY VENTILATED CONFINED AREAS. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC OR RESPIRATORY DISORDERS MAY PROVE ESPECIALLY SUSCEPTIBLE. /FLUOROHYDROCARBONS/
Goodman, L.S., and A. Gilman. (eds.) The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 5th ed. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1975., p. 910
BECAUSE OF DECREASED USE IN CONSUMER PRODUCTS, ABUSE HAS BEEN ELIMINATED.
For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CHLOROTRIFLUOROMETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

11.1.6 Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts

EARLY ANIMAL...EXPERIENCE INDICATED THAT HIGH VAPOR CONCN (EG, 20%) MAY CAUSE CONFUSION, PULMONARY IRRITATION, TREMORS & RARELY COMA, BUT THAT THESE EFFECTS WERE GENERALLY TRANSIENT & WITHOUT LATE SEQUELAE. /FLUOROCARBON REFRIGERANTS & PROPELLANTS/
Gosselin, R.E., H.C. Hodge, R.P. Smith, and M.N. Gleason. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1976., p. II-109
The relative potency of effect of a wide range of halogenated and unsubstituted hydrocarbons on the central nervous system (CNS) and heart of experimental animals were determined. The chemicals used caused stimulation or depression of the rat CNS after 10 min inhalation at 0.24-80% (vol/vol), and cardiac sensitization in dogs after 5 min inhalation at 0.12-80% (vol/vol).
Clark DG, Tinston DJ; Acute inhalation toxicity of some halogenated and nonhalogenated hydrocarbons; Hum Toxicol 1 (3): 239-47 (1982)

11.2 Ecological Information

11.2.1 ICSC Environmental Data

Avoid release to the environment because of its impact on the ozone layer.

11.2.2 Environmental Fate / Exposure Summary

Chlorotrifluoromethane's production and use as a refrigerant or as an azeotrope with trifluoromethane for very low temperature applications may lead to its release to the environment through various waste streams. Based on a measured vapor pressure of 2.14X10+4 mm Hg at 25 °C, chlorotrifluoromethane is expected to exist solely in the vapor-phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase chlorotrifluoromethane is extremely stable in the troposphere. The half-life for the reaction of this compound with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals is about 63 years. This compound will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone. The half-life for this reaction has been estimated to range from 180 to 450 years. Chlorotrifluoromethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soils based upon an estimated Koc value of 188. This compound is expected to volatilize rapidly from dry soil surfaces based on its vapor pressure. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected based upon the Henry's Law constant of 1.38 atm-cu m/mole. Biodegradation is not expected to be an important environmental fate process. In water, chlorotrifluoromethane is not expected to adsorb to sediment or particulate matter given its estimated Koc value. This compound is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces given its Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 and 97 hours, respectively. Bioconcentration is expected to be low based upon an estimated BCF value of 10. Occupational exposure may be through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where chlorotrifluoromethane is produced or used. The general population is exposed to chlorotrifluoromethane through inhalation of ambient air. (SRC)

11.2.3 Artificial Pollution Sources

Chlorotrifluoromethane's production and use as a refrigerant or as an azeotrope with CHF3 for very low temperature applications(1) may lead to its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).
(1) Fabian P; pp. 23-51 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Vol 4. Hutzinger O ed. Berlin,Germany: Springer-Verlag (1986)

11.2.4 Environmental Fate

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 188(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of 1.65(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that chlorotrifluoromethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of chlorotrifluoromethane is expected from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given a measured Henry's Law constant of 1.38 atm-cu m/mole(4). Chlorotrifluoromethane is expected to volatilize rapidly from dry soil surfaces based on a vapor pressure of 2.14X10+4 mm Hg(SRC) at 25 °C(5). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(6).
(1) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 23 (1983)
(2) Hansch C, Leo A; Exploring QSAR Fundamentals and Applications in Chemistry and Biology. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc (1995)
(3) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 4-9 (1990)
(4) Park T et al; J Chem Eng Data 27: 324-26 (1982)
(5) Perry RH, Green D; Perry's Chemical Handbook. Physical and Chemical Data. NY,NY: McGraw-Hill (1984)
(6) Boethling RS et al; Environ Sci Technol 28: 459-465 (1994)
AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 188(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of 1.65(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that chlorotrifluoromethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Chlorotrifluoromethane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3) based on a measured Henry's Law constant of 1.38 atm-cu m/mole(4). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 and 97 hours, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF value of 10(3,SRC), from the measured log Kow(2), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(6).
(1) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 23 (1983)
(2) Hansch C, Leo A; Exploring QSAR Fundamentals and Applications in Chemistry and Biology. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc (1995
(3) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 4-9, 5-4, 5-10, 15-1 to 15-29 (1990)
(4) Park T et al; J Chem Eng Data 27: 324-26 (1982)
(5) Franke C et al; Chemosphere 29: 1501-14 (1994)
(6) Boethling RS et al; Environ Sci Technol 28: 459-465 (1994)
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), chlorotrifluoromethane, which has a measured vapor pressure of 2.14X10+4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase chlorotrifluoromethane is slowly degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 62 years(3,SRC). This compound will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(4,SRC). The half-life for this reaction has been estimated to range from 180 to 450 years(4).
(1) Bidleman TF; Environ Sci Technol 22: 361-367 (1988)
(2) Perry RH, Green D; Perry's Chemical Handbook. Physical and Chemical Data. NY,NY: McGraw-Hill (1984)
(3) Atkinson R; J Phys and Chem Ref Data Monograph 1: (1989)
(4) Fabian P; pp. 23-51 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Vol 4. Hutzinger O ed. Berlin,Germany: Springer-Verlag (1986)

11.2.5 Environmental Biodegradation

Highly chlorinated/fluorinated compounds are not expected to biodegrade rapidly(1).
(1) Boethling RS et al; Environ Sci Technol 28: 459-465 (1994)

11.2.6 Environmental Abiotic Degradation

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of chlorotrifluoromethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 7.0X10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 62 years at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). Chlorotrifluoromethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis or direct photolysis in the troposphere due to the lack of functional groups to hydrolyze or photodegrade due to lack of absorption of light at environmentally significant wavelengths. This compound will gradually diffuse into the stratosphere above the ozone layer where it will slowly degrade due to direct photolysis from UV-C radiation and contribute to the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(2,SRC). The half-life for this reaction has been estimated to range from 180 to 450 years(2).
(1) Atkinson R; J Phys and Chem Ref Data Monograph 1: (1989)
(2) Fabian P; pp. 23-51 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Vol 4. Hutzinger O ed. Berlin,Germany: Springer-Verlag (1986)

11.2.7 Environmental Bioconcentration

An estimated BCF value of 10 was calculated for chlorotrifluoromethane(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 1.65(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
(1) Hansch C, Leo A; Exploring QSAR Fundamentals and Applications in Chemistry and Biology. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc (1995)
(2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 5-4, 5-10 (1990)
(3) Franke C et al; Chemosphere 29: 1501-14 (1994)

11.2.8 Soil Adsorption / Mobility

The Koc of chlorotrifluoromethane is estimated as approximately 188(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 1.65(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that chlorotrifluoromethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC).
(1) Hansch C, Leo A; Exploring QSAR Fundamentals and Applications in Chemistry and Biology. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc (1995)
(2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 4-9 (1990)
(3) Swann RL et al; Res Rev 85: 23 (1983)

11.2.9 Volatilization from Water / Soil

The Henry's Law constant for chlorotrifluoromethane was measured as 1.38 atm-cu m/mole(1). This value indicates that chlorotrifluoromethane will volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 3 hours(2,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 97 hours(2,SRC). Chlorotrifluoromethane's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to occur(SRC). Chlorotrifluoromethane is expected to volatilize rapidly from dry soil surfaces based on the measured vapor pressure of 2.14X10+4 mm Hg at 25 °C(3).
(1) Park T et al; J Chem Eng Data 27: 324-26 (1982)
(2) Lyman WJ et al; Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Washington,DC: Amer Chem Soc pp. 15-1 to 15-29 (1990)
(3) Perry RH, Green D; Perry's Chemical Handbook. Physical and Chemical Data NY,NY: McGraw-Hill (1984)

11.2.10 Atmospheric Concentrations

Chlorotrifluoromethane was detected in the troposphere above the Antarctic region at concentrations of 3.6 and 3.2 parts per trillion, with an average global concentration estimated as 4.0 parts per trillion(1). Chlorotrifluoromethane was detected at a concentrations of 3.9 parts per trillion (14.4 kilometers above the earth's surface) and 2.3 parts per trillion (33.2 kilometers above the earth's surface)(2).
(1) Fabian P; pp. 23-51 in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Vol 4. Hutzinger O ed. Berlin,Germany: Springer-Verlag (1986)
(2) Fabian P et al; Nature 294:733-35 (1981)
Trace gases have been measured, by electron-capture gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, at the South Pole (SP) in Antarctica and in the US Pacific Northwest (PNW) (aprox 45 deg N) during Jan of each year 1975-80. The concn of chlorotrifluoromethane increased at a rate of 12%/yr at the SP and 8%/yr in the PNW.
Rasmussen RA et al; Atmospheric trace gases in Antarctica; Science (Washington, DC, 1883-) 211 (4479): 285-7 (1981)

11.2.11 Milk Concentrations

Chlorotrifluoromethane was identified, not quantified, in 4 of 8 human milk samples obtained from Bayonne, NJ; Pittsburgh, PA; Jersey City, NJ and Baton Rouge, LA(1).
(1) Erickson MD et al; Acquisition and chemical analysis of mother's milk for selected toxic substancs. USEPA-560/13-80-029 Washington,DC: USEPA Off Pestic Toxic Subst pp. 152 (1980)

11.2.12 Probable Routes of Human Exposure

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 1,204 workers (188 of these are female) are potentially exposed to chlorotrifluoromethane in the US(1). Occupational exposure may be through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where chlorotrifluoromethane is produced or used(SRC). The general population will be exposed to chlorotrifluoromethane via inhalation of ambient air(SRC).
(1) NIOSH; National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES) (1983)

12 Associated Disorders and Diseases

Associated Occupational Diseases with Exposure to the Compound

Asphyxiation, simple [Category: Acute Poisoning]

Solvents, acute toxic effect [Category: Acute Poisoning]

13 Literature

13.1 Consolidated References

13.2 Springer Nature References

13.3 Thieme References

13.4 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

13.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

13.6 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

14 Patents

14.1 Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers

14.2 WIPO PATENTSCOPE

14.3 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

14.4 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

14.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

15 Classification

15.1 ChemIDplus

15.2 CAMEO Chemicals

15.3 UN GHS Classification

15.4 NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification

15.5 EPA DSSTox Classification

15.6 EPA TSCA and CDR Classification

15.7 PFAS and Fluorinated Organic Compounds in PubChem

15.8 EPA Substance Registry Services Tree

15.9 MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology

16 Information Sources

  1. Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme (AICIS)
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    https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/help/reference/terms_and_conditions.htm?d_f=false
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    https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/browse/react
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  6. EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
    EPA TSCA Classification
    https://www.epa.gov/tsca-inventory
  7. EPA DSSTox
    CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Chemical Lists
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  10. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  11. New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority (EPA)
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    https://www.epa.govt.nz/about-this-site/general-copyright-statement/
  12. NJDOH RTK Hazardous Substance List
  13. Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  14. Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
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    https://haz-map.com/About
    Chlorotrifluoromethane
    https://haz-map.com/Agents/1551
  15. NITE-CMC
    Chlorotrifluoromethane; CFC-13 - FY2006 (New/original classication)
    https://www.chem-info.nite.go.jp/chem/english/ghs/06-imcg-0378e.html
  16. Japan Chemical Substance Dictionary (Nikkaji)
  17. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
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    https://www.nist.gov/srd/public-law
  18. SpectraBase
  19. NMRShiftDB
  20. Springer Nature
  21. SpringerMaterials
  22. Thieme Chemistry
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  28. EPA Substance Registry Services
  29. MolGenie
    MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology
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  30. PATENTSCOPE (WIPO)
  31. NCBI
CONTENTS