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Calomel

PubChem CID
24956
Structure
Calomel_small.png
Molecular Formula
Synonyms
  • 10112-91-1
  • MERCURY(I) CHLORIDE
  • Dimercury dichloride
  • Calogreen
  • Chlorure mercureux
Molecular Weight
472.09 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Dates
  • Create:
    2004-09-16
  • Modify:
    2024-12-28
Description
Mercurous chloride is an odorless white solid. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Dimercury dichloride is a mercury coordination entity.
Calomel is a mineral with formula of HgCl. The IMA symbol is Clo.

1 Structures

1.1 2D Structure

Chemical Structure Depiction
Calomel.png

1.2 3D Status

Conformer generation is disallowed since MMFF94s unsupported element, mixture or salt

2 Names and Identifiers

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

chloromercury
Computed by Lexichem TK 2.7.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/2ClH.2Hg/h2*1H;;/q;;2*+1/p-2
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.3 InChIKey

ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.4 SMILES

Cl[Hg].Cl[Hg]
Computed by OEChem 2.3.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.2 Molecular Formula

Cl2Hg2
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Hg2Cl2
Cl2Hg2

2.3 Other Identifiers

2.3.1 CAS

10112-91-1

2.3.2 Deprecated CAS

39448-57-2

2.3.3 European Community (EC) Number

2.3.4 UN Number

2.3.5 ChEBI ID

2.3.6 DSSTox Substance ID

2.3.7 ICSC Number

2.3.8 NCI Thesaurus Code

2.3.9 Wikidata

2.3.10 Wikipedia

2.4 Synonyms

2.4.1 MeSH Entry Terms

  • calomel
  • mercurous chloride
  • mercury(I) chloride

2.4.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

3.1 Computed Properties

Property Name
Molecular Weight
Property Value
472.09 g/mol
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Rotatable Bond Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Exact Mass
Property Value
471.876676 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Monoisotopic Mass
Property Value
473.87899 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Topological Polar Surface Area
Property Value
0Ų
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Heavy Atom Count
Property Value
4
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Formal Charge
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Complexity
Property Value
4
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Isotope Atom Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
Property Value
2
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Compound Is Canonicalized
Property Value
Yes
Reference
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.10.14)

3.2 Experimental Properties

3.2.1 Physical Description

Mercurous chloride is an odorless white solid. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Liquid
White powder or crystals; practically insoluble (0.0002 g/100 ml of water at 25 deg C); [ATSDR ToxProfiles]
WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER.

3.2.2 Solubility

Solubility in water, mg/l at 25 °C: 4 (practically insoluble)

3.2.3 Density

7.15 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
7.15 g/cm³

3.3 Chemical Classes

Metals -> Mercury Compounds, Inorganic

4 Spectral Information

4.1 IR Spectra

4.1.1 ATR-IR Spectra

Instrument Name
Bio-Rad FTS
Technique
ATR-Neat (DuraSamplIR II)
Source of Spectrum
Forensic Spectral Research
Source of Sample
Epply Lab Inc. Newport, Rhode Island
Copyright
Copyright © 2010-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
Thumbnail

4.2 Raman Spectra

1 of 2
Instrument Name
Bio-Rad FTS 175C with Raman accessory
Technique
FT-Raman
Source of Sample
Mallinckrodt Inc., St. Louis, Missouri
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
Thumbnail
2 of 2
Instrument Name
Bio-Rad FTS 175C with Raman accessory
Technique
FT-Raman
Source of Sample
Mallinckrodt Inc., St. Louis, Missouri
Copyright
Copyright © 1980, 1981-2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Thumbnail
Thumbnail

6 Chemical Vendors

7 Drug and Medication Information

7.1 FDA National Drug Code Directory

7.2 Drug Labels

Homeopathic product and label

7.3 Reported Fatal Dose

1 gram for an adult human (average for inorganic mercurials). (T17)
T17: Baselt RC (2000). Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 5th ed. Foster City, CA: Chemical Toxicology Institute.

8 Minerals

1 of 3
Formula
Pb5Cu2(CO3)(SO4)3(OH)6
System
Orthorhombic
2 of 3
Name
calomel
Link
3 of 3
Formula
HgCl
IMA Symbol
Clo
PDF Link

9 Pharmacology and Biochemistry

9.1 Metabolism / Metabolites

Mercury is absorbed mainly via ingestion and inhalation, then distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream, where a portion binds to sulfhydryl groups on haemoglobin. Mercury can undergo oxidation to mercuric mercury, which takes place via the catalase-hydrogen peroxide pathway. The mercury atom is able to diffuse down the cleft in the catalase enzyme to reach the active site where the heme ring is located. Oxidation most likely occurs in all tissue, as the catalase hydrogen peroxide pathway is ubiquitous. Following oxidation, mercury tends to accumulate in the kidneys. Mercury is excreted mainly by exhalation and in the faeces. (A6, L7)
A6: Clarkson TW, Magos L: The toxicology of mercury and its chemical compounds. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2006 Sep;36(8):609-62. PMID:16973445
L7: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2008). Toxicological profile for mercury. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp46.html

10 Use and Manufacturing

10.1 Uses

Sources/Uses
Has been used therapeutically as a cathartic, diuretic, antiseptic, and antimicrobic (syphilis); Used in agriculture to kill root maggots (cabbage and onions); Also used in dark green Bengal lights, calomel paper, calomel electrodes, fungicides, and with gold to paint on porcelain; [Merck Index]
Merck Index - O'Neil MJ, Heckelman PE, Dobbelaar PH, Roman KJ (eds). The Merck Index, An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals, 15th Ed. Cambridge, UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013.
Restricted Notes
No active registrants for Calomel, Fungchex, Calo-Chlor, or Calocure; [NPIRS]
Industrial Processes with risk of exposure

Using Disinfectants or Biocides [Category: Clean]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

Mercury(I) chloride is used primarily for reference electrodes in electrochemistry. (L429)
L429: Wikipedia. Mercury(I) chloride. Last Updated 17 May 2009. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury(I)_chloride

10.1.1 Industry Uses

Processing aids, not otherwise listed

10.1.2 Consumer Uses

Processing aids, not otherwise listed

10.2 U.S. Production

Aggregated Product Volume

2019: 26,683 lb

2018: 33,067 lb

2017: 30,685 lb

2016: 32,724 lb

10.3 General Manufacturing Information

Industry Processing Sectors
All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing
EPA TSCA Commercial Activity Status
Mercury chloride (Hg2Cl2): ACTIVE
EPA TSCA Regulatory Flag
12C - indicates a substance that is prohibited to be exported from the Unites States under TSCA section 12(c).

11 Safety and Hazards

11.1 Hazards Identification

11.1.1 GHS Classification

1 of 5
View All
Pictogram(s)
Acute Toxic
Irritant
Environmental Hazard
Signal
Danger
GHS Hazard Statements

H301 (63.3%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

H302 (36.7%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H312 (64%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

H319 (99.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335 (99.3%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

H400 (99.3%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]

H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

Precautionary Statement Codes

P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501

(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.)

ECHA C&L Notifications Summary

Aggregated GHS information provided per 139 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown.

11.1.2 Hazard Classes and Categories

Acute Tox. 3 (63.3%)

Acute Tox. 4 (36.7%)

Acute Tox. 4 (64%)

Skin Irrit. 2 (100%)

Eye Irrit. 2 (99.3%)

STOT SE 3 (99.3%)

Aquatic Acute 1 (99.3%)

Aquatic Chronic 1 (100%)

Acute toxicity - category 4

Eye irritation - category 2

Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) - category 3

Skin irritation - category 2

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (chronic) - category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute) - category 1

11.1.3 Health Hazards

Acute poisoning can result from inhaling dust concentrations of 1.2-8.5 mg/m 3 in air; symptoms include pain and tightness in chest, coughing, and difficulty in breathing. Compound is an irritant, cathartic, or purgative; rarely, "calomel sickness", a benign reaction with fever and rash, appears after about 1 week; seldom causes systemic poisoning but may be fatal if retained to 30-40 mg/kg. Contact with eyes causes mild irritation. (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

11.1.4 Fire Hazards

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Fumes from fire may contain toxic vapors of substance.

Behavior in Fire: Vaporizes and escapes as a sublimate (USCG, 1999)

U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

11.1.5 Hazards Summary

A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Toxic by ingestion; May be absorbed through skin or by inhalation of aerosol; May cause damage to the kidneys and nervous system; [ICSC] See Mercury, inorganic compounds and the linked occupational disease.

11.2 First Aid Measures

Inhalation First Aid
Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.
Skin First Aid
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .
Eye First Aid
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Ingestion First Aid
Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

11.2.1 First Aid

INHALATION: remove to fresh air; give artificial respiration if breathing has stopped.

INGESTION: give egg whites, milk, or activated charcoal; induce vomiting; consult physician.

EYES: flush with water.

SKIN: wash with soap and water. (USCG, 1999)

U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

11.3 Fire Fighting

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE: Water spray, fog or regular foam. If it can be done safely, move undamaged containers away from the area around the fire. Dike runoff from fire control for later disposal. Avoid aiming straight or solid streams directly onto the product.

FIRE INVOLVING TANKS, RAIL TANK CARS OR HIGHWAY TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks in direct contact with flames. For massive fire, use unmanned master stream devices or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (ERG, 2024)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

11.4 Accidental Release Measures

11.4.1 Isolation and Evacuation

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.

SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.

FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)

11.4.2 Spillage Disposal

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

11.5 Handling and Storage

11.5.1 Nonfire Spill Response

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:

Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. For solids, prevent dust cloud and avoid inhalation of dust. (ERG, 2024)

11.5.2 Safe Storage

Separated from food and feedstuffs. Keep in the dark. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.

11.6 Exposure Control and Personal Protection

Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAK)
0.02 [mg/m3], as Hg, inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

11.6.1 Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

0.1 [mg/m3], as Hg

11.6.2 Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)

10 mg Hg/m3 (NIOSH, 2024)
10.0 [mg/m3], as Hg

11.6.3 Threshold Limit Values (TLV)

0.02 [mg/m3], as Hg
(as Hg): 0.025 mg/m

11.6.4 Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL)

MAK (Maximale Arbeitsplatz Konzentration)
(as Hg, inhalable fraction): 0.02 mg/m

11.6.5 Inhalation Risk

Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.

11.6.6 Effects of Short Term Exposure

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

11.6.7 Effects of Long Term Exposure

The substance may have effects on the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and kidneys. This may result in ataxia, sensory and memory disturbances, fatigue, muscle weakness and kidney impairment.

11.6.8 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Dust mask; goggles or face shield; protective gloves (USCG, 1999)
U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.

11.6.9 Preventions

Exposure Prevention
STRICT HYGIENE!
Inhalation Prevention
Use local exhaust or breathing protection.
Skin Prevention
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Eye Prevention
Wear safety goggles.
Ingestion Prevention
Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Wash hands before eating.

11.7 Stability and Reactivity

11.7.1 Air and Water Reactions

No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water.

11.7.2 Reactive Group

Metals, Less Reactive

Non-Redox-Active Inorganic Compounds

11.8 Transport Information

11.8.1 DOT Label

Poison

11.8.2 Packaging and Labelling

Unbreakable packaging. Put breakable packaging into closed unbreakable container. Do not transport with food and feedstuffs. Severe marine pollutant.

11.8.3 EC Classification

H302; H315; H319; H335; H400; H410

11.8.4 UN Classification

UN Hazard Class: 6.1; UN Pack Group: III

11.9 Regulatory Information

The Australian Inventory of Industrial Chemicals
Chemical: Mercury chloride (Hg2Cl2)
New Zealand EPA Inventory of Chemical Status
Mercury (I) chloride: HSNO Approval: HSR005096 Approved with controls

12 Toxicity

12.1 Toxicological Information

12.1.1 Toxicity Summary

High-affinity binding of the divalent mercuric ion to thiol or sulfhydryl groups of proteins is believed to be the major mechanism for the activity of mercury. Through alterations in intracellular thiol status, mercury can promote oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in heme metabolism. Mercury is known to bind to microsomal and mitochondrial enzymes, resulting in cell injury and death. For example, mercury is known to inhibit aquaporins, halting water flow across the cell membrane. It also inhibits the protein LCK, which causes decreased T-cell signalling and immune system depression. Mercury is also believed to inhibit neuronal excitability by acting on the postsynaptic neuronal membrane. It also affects the nervous system by inhibiting protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Mercury also produces an autoimmune response, likely by modification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, self peptides, T-cell receptors, or cell-surface adhesion molecules. (L7, A8, A25, A26)
A25: Ziemba SE, Menard SL, McCabe MJ Jr, Rosenspire AJ: T-cell receptor signaling is mediated by transient Lck activity, which is inhibited by inorganic mercury. FASEB J. 2009 Jun;23(6):1663-71. doi: 10.1096/fj.08-117283. Epub 2009 Jan 23. PMID:19168706
A26: Yukutake Y, Tsuji S, Hirano Y, Adachi T, Takahashi T, Fujihara K, Agre P, Yasui M, Suematsu M: Mercury chloride decreases the water permeability of aquaporin-4-reconstituted proteoliposomes. Biol Cell. 2008 Jun;100(6):355-63. doi: 10.1042/BC20070132. PMID:18167118
A8: Madsen KM, Christensen EI: Effects of mercury on lysosomal protein digestion in the kidney proximal tubule. Lab Invest. 1978 Feb;38(2):165-74. PMID:203771
L7: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2008). Toxicological profile for mercury. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp46.html

12.1.2 Carcinogen Classification

Carcinogen Classification
3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)

12.1.3 Health Effects

Mercury mainly affects the nervous system. Exposure to high levels of metallic, inorganic, or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys, and developing fetus. Effects on brain functioning may result in irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision or hearing, and memory problems. Acrodynia, a type of mercury poisoning in children, is characterized by pain and pink discoloration of the hands and feet. Mercury poisoning can also cause Hunter-Russell syndrome and Minamata disease. (L7)
L7: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2008). Toxicological profile for mercury. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp46.html

12.1.4 Exposure Routes

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.
Oral (L7) ; inhalation (L7); dermal (L7)
L7: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2008). Toxicological profile for mercury. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp46.html

12.1.5 Symptoms

Inhalation Exposure
Cough. Sore throat.
Skin Exposure
MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness.
Eye Exposure
Redness.
Ingestion Exposure
Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Vomiting. Metallic taste.
Common symptoms include peripheral neuropathy (presenting as paresthesia or itching, burning or pain), skin discoloration (pink cheeks, fingertips and toes), edema (swelling), and desquamation (dead skin peels off in layers). (A5)
A5: Horowitz Y, Greenberg D, Ling G, Lifshitz M: Acrodynia: a case report of two siblings. Arch Dis Child. 2002 Jun;86(6):453. PMID:12023189

12.1.6 Adverse Effects

Neurotoxin - Sensorimotor

Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.

12.1.7 Acute Effects

12.1.8 Toxicity Data

LD50: 210 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) (L430)
L430: The Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory of Oxford University (2005). Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for mercury (I) chloride. http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/ME/mercury_I_chloride.html

12.1.9 Minimum Risk Level

Chronic Inhalation: 0.0002 mg/m3 (L134)
L134: ATSDR - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2001). Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) for Hazardous Substances. U.S. Public Health Service in collaboration with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls/

12.1.10 Treatment

Mercury poisoning is treated by immediate decontamination and chelation therapy using DMSA, DMPS, DPCN, or dimercaprol. (A7)
A7: Clifton JC 2nd: Mercury exposure and public health. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2007 Apr;54(2):237-69, viii. PMID:17448359

12.2 Ecological Information

12.2.1 ICSC Environmental Data

The substance is very toxic to aquatic organisms. Bioaccumulation of this chemical may occur in fish. It is strongly advised not to let the chemical enter into the environment because it is persistent. Avoid release to the environment in circumstances different to normal use.

13 Literature

13.1 Consolidated References

13.2 NLM Curated PubMed Citations

13.3 Springer Nature References

13.4 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

13.5 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

14 Patents

14.1 Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers

14.2 WIPO PATENTSCOPE

14.3 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

14.4 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

14.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

15 Interactions and Pathways

15.1 Chemical-Target Interactions

16 Biological Test Results

16.1 BioAssay Results

17 Classification

17.1 MeSH Tree

17.2 NCI Thesaurus Tree

17.3 ChEBI Ontology

17.4 ChemIDplus

17.5 CAMEO Chemicals

17.6 UN GHS Classification

17.7 NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification

17.8 EPA DSSTox Classification

17.9 EPA TSCA and CDR Classification

17.10 EPA Substance Registry Services Tree

18 Information Sources

  1. Athena Minerals
    LICENSE
    Copyright (c) ATHENA - Pierre Perroud. All Rights Reserved
  2. Handbook of Mineralogy
  3. RRUFF Project
  4. Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme (AICIS)
  5. CAMEO Chemicals
    LICENSE
    CAMEO Chemicals and all other CAMEO products are available at no charge to those organizations and individuals (recipients) responsible for the safe handling of chemicals. However, some of the chemical data itself is subject to the copyright restrictions of the companies or organizations that provided the data.
    https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/help/reference/terms_and_conditions.htm?d_f=false
    CAMEO Chemical Reactivity Classification
    https://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/browse/react
  6. ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
  7. CAS Common Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The data from CAS Common Chemistry is provided under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
  8. ChemIDplus
    ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classification
    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/ChemIDplus
  9. EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
    LICENSE
    The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce these documents, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. These documents may be freely distributed and used for non-commercial, scientific and educational purposes.
    https://www.epa.gov/web-policies-and-procedures/epa-disclaimers#copyright
  10. EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
    EPA TSCA Classification
    https://www.epa.gov/tsca-inventory
  11. EPA DSSTox
    CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Chemical Lists
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/
  12. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
    LICENSE
    Use of the information, documents and data from the ECHA website is subject to the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice, and subject to other binding limitations provided for under applicable law, the information, documents and data made available on the ECHA website may be reproduced, distributed and/or used, totally or in part, for non-commercial purposes provided that ECHA is acknowledged as the source: "Source: European Chemicals Agency, http://echa.europa.eu/". Such acknowledgement must be included in each copy of the material. ECHA permits and encourages organisations and individuals to create links to the ECHA website under the following cumulative conditions: Links can only be made to webpages that provide a link to the Legal Notice page.
    https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/legal-notice
  13. New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority (EPA)
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