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Gadolinium-DO3A-butriol

PubChem CID
70678987
Structure
Gadolinium-DO3A-butriol_small.png
Gadolinium-DO3A-butriol_3D_Structure.png
Molecular Formula
Synonyms
  • gadobutrolum
  • Gadavist
  • Gd-DO3A-butriol
  • Gadolinium-DO3A-butriol
  • CHEBI:68841
Molecular Weight
604.7 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Parent Compound
Dates
  • Create:
    2012-12-12
  • Modify:
    2025-01-18
Description
Gadobutrol is a gadolinium coordination entity consisting of a central Gd(III) atom bound to a macrocyclic tetraamine framework. It is used as a paramagnetic contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It has a role as a MRI contrast agent.

1 Structures

1.1 2D Structure

Chemical Structure Depiction
Gadolinium-DO3A-butriol.png

1.2 3D Conformer

3D Conformer of Parent

2 Names and Identifiers

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

2-[4,10-bis(carboxylatomethyl)-7-[(2S,3R)-1,3,4-trihydroxybutan-2-yl]-1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclododec-1-yl]acetate;gadolinium(3+)
Computed by Lexichem TK 2.7.0 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/C18H34N4O9.Gd/c23-12-14(15(25)13-24)22-7-5-20(10-17(28)29)3-1-19(9-16(26)27)2-4-21(6-8-22)11-18(30)31;/h14-15,23-25H,1-13H2,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)(H,30,31);/q;+3/p-3/t14-,15-;/m0./s1
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.3 InChIKey

ZPDFIIGFYAHNSK-YYLIZZNMSA-K
Computed by InChI 1.0.6 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.1.4 SMILES

C1CN(CCN(CCN(CCN1CC(=O)[O-])CC(=O)[O-])[C@@H](CO)[C@H](CO)O)CC(=O)[O-].[Gd+3]
Computed by OEChem 2.3.0 (PubChem release 2024.12.12)

2.2 Molecular Formula

C18H31GdN4O9
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)

2.3 Other Identifiers

2.3.1 CAS

770691-21-9
138071-82-6

2.3.2 European Community (EC) Number

2.3.3 ChEBI ID

2.3.4 HMDB ID

2.3.5 Wikidata

2.4 Synonyms

2.4.1 MeSH Entry Terms

  • gadobutrol
  • gadolinium-DO3A-butriol
  • Gadovist
  • Gd-DO3A-butriol

2.4.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

3.1 Computed Properties

Property Name
Molecular Weight
Property Value
604.7 g/mol
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
Property Value
3
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
Property Value
13
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Rotatable Bond Count
Property Value
7
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Exact Mass
Property Value
605.13321 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Monoisotopic Mass
Property Value
605.13321 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Topological Polar Surface Area
Property Value
194 Ų
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Heavy Atom Count
Property Value
32
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Formal Charge
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Complexity
Property Value
538
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2021.10.14)
Property Name
Isotope Atom Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
2
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
Property Value
2
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Compound Is Canonicalized
Property Value
Yes
Reference
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.10.14)

3.2 Experimental Properties

3.2.1 Physical Description

Solid

3.2.2 Density

1.3 g/mL at 37 °C
US FDA; FDA Drug Label and Approval History. Gadavist. Available from, as of Feb 6, 2015: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm?fuseaction=Search.DrugDetails

3.2.3 Viscosity

4.96 mPa.s at 37 °C
US FDA; FDA Drug Label and Approval History. Gadavist. Available from, as of Feb 6, 2015: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm?fuseaction=Search.DrugDetails

3.2.4 pH

pH: 6.6-8
US FDA; FDA Drug Label and Approval History. Gadavist. Available from, as of Feb 6, 2015: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm?fuseaction=Search.DrugDetails

3.2.5 Other Experimental Properties

Osmolarity at 37 °C: 1117 mOsm/L solution; 1603 mOsm/kg water
US FDA; FDA Drug Label and Approval History. Gadavist. Available from, as of Feb 6, 2015: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm?fuseaction=Search.DrugDetails

3.3 Chemical Classes

3.3.1 Drugs

3.3.1.1 Human Drugs
Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Contrast Media; Diagnostic Agents
Human drug -> Prescription

5 Drug and Medication Information

5.1 Drug Classes

Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Contrast Media; Diagnostic Agents

5.2 FDA Medication Guides

Drug
Active Ingredient
GADOBUTROL
Form;Route
SOLUTION;INTRAVENOUS
Company
BAYER HLTHCARE
Date
01/26/2024

5.3 Clinical Trials

5.3.1 ClinicalTrials.gov

5.4 Therapeutic Uses

Gadavist is indicated for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adult and pediatric patients (including term neonates) to detect and visualize areas with disrupted blood brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity of the central nervous system.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
Gadavist is indicated for use with MRI to assess the presence and extent of malignant breast disease.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
The safety and effectiveness of Gadavist have been established in pediatric patients born at 37 weeks gestation or later based on imaging and pharmacokinetic data in 138 patients ages 2 to 17 years and 44 patients ages 0 to less than 2 years and extrapolation from adult data. The frequency, type, and severity of adverse reactions in pediatric patients were similar to adverse reactions in adults.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92

5.5 Drug Warnings

/(BLACK) BOXED WARNING/ WARNING: NEPHROGENIC SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for NSF among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs. Avoid use of GBCAs in these patients unless the diagnostic information is essential and not available with non-contrasted MRI or other modalities. NSF may result in fatal or debilitating fibrosis affecting the skin, muscle and internal organs. The risk for NSF appears highest among patients with: Chronic, severe kidney disease (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m 2), or Acute kidney injury. Screen patients for acute kidney injury and other conditions that may reduce renal function. For patients at risk for chronically reduced renal function (for example, age > 60 years, hypertension or diabetes), estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through laboratory testing. For patients at highest risk for NSF, do not exceed the recommended Gadavist dose and allow a sufficient period of time for elimination of the drug from the body prior to any re-administration.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 5, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
Anaphylactic and other hypersensitivity reactions with cardiovascular, respiratory or cutaneous manifestations, ranging from mild to severe, including death, have uncommonly occurred following Gadavist administration. Before Gadavist administration, assess all patients for any history of a reaction to contrast media, bronchial asthma and/or allergic disorders. These patients may have an increased risk for a hypersensitivity reaction to Gadavist. Administer Gadavist only in situations where trained personnel and therapies are promptly available for the treatment of hypersensitivity reactions, including personnel trained in resuscitation. Most hypersensitivity reactions to Gadavist have occurred within half an hour after administration. Delayed reactions can occur up to several days after administration. Observe patients for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions during and following Gadavist administration.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 6, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
Gadavist is contraindicated in patients with history of severe hypersensitivity reactions to Gadavist.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 6, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
Ensure catheter and venous patency before the injection of Gadavist. Extravasation into tissues during Gadavist administration may result in moderate irritation.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 6, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for Gadobutrol (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6 Pharmacology and Biochemistry

6.1 MeSH Pharmacological Classification

Contrast Media
Substances used to allow enhanced visualization of tissues. (See all compounds classified as Contrast Media.)

6.2 Absorption, Distribution and Excretion

After intravenous administration, gadobutrol is rapidly distributed in the extracellular space. After a gadobutrol dose of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight, an average level of 0.59 mmol gadobutrol/L was measured in plasma 2 minutes after the injection and 0.3 mmol gadobutrol/L 60 minutes after the injection. Gadobutrol does not display any particular protein binding. In rats, gadobutrol does not penetrate the intact blood-brain barrier.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
In rat lactation studies, gadobutrol was present in milk in amounts less than 0.1% of the dose intravenously administered and the gastrointestinal absorption is poor (approximately 5% of the dose orally administered was excreted in the urine). In lactating rats receiving 0.5 mmol/kg of intravenous [153Gd]-gadobutrol, 0.01% of the total administered radioactivity was transferred to the pup via maternal milk, within 3 hours after administration.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92

7 Use and Manufacturing

7.1 Uses

Contrast agent for magentetic resonance imaging
US FDA; FDA Drug Label and Approval History. Gadavist. Available from, as of Feb 6, 2015: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm?fuseaction=Search.DrugDetails
MEDICATION

8 Safety and Hazards

8.1 Hazards Identification

8.1.1 GHS Classification

GHS Hazard Statements

Not Classified

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria by 1 of 1 companies. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

8.1.2 Hazard Classes and Categories

Not Classified

8.2 Accidental Release Measures

8.2.1 Disposal Methods

SRP: Expired or waste pharmaceuticals shall carefully take into consideration applicable DEA, EPA, and FDA regulations. It is not appropriate to dispose by flushing the pharmaceutical down the toilet or discarding to trash. If possible return the pharmaceutical to the manufacturer for proper disposal being careful to properly label and securely package the material. Alternatively, the waste pharmaceutical shall be labeled, securely packaged and transported by a state licensed medical waste contractor to dispose by burial in a licensed hazardous or toxic waste landfill or incinerator.

8.3 Regulatory Information

8.3.1 FDA Requirements

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, including gadobutrol, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
DHHS/FDA; Electronic Orange Book-Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations. Available from, as of March 9, 2015: https://www.fda.gov/cder/ob/

9 Toxicity

9.1 Toxicological Information

9.1.1 Toxicity Summary

IDENTIFICATION: Gadobutrol is indicated for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adult and pediatric patients (including term neonates) to detect and visualize areas with disrupted blood brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity of the central nervous system and for use with MRI to assess the presence and extent of malignant breast disease. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Anaphylactic and other hypersensitivity reactions with cardiovascular, respiratory or cutaneous manifestations, ranging from mild to severe, including death, have uncommonly occurred following Gadavist administration. Before Gadavist administration, assess all patients for any history of a reaction to contrast media, bronchial asthma and/or allergic disorders. These patients may have an increased risk for a hypersensitivity reaction to Gadavist. Administer Gadavist only in situations where trained personnel and therapies are promptly available for the treatment of hypersensitivity reactions, including personnel trained in resuscitation. Most hypersensitivity reactions to Gadavist have occurred within half an hour after administration. Delayed reactions can occur up to several days after administration. ANIMAL STUDIES: In rat lactation studies, gadobutrol was present in milk in amounts less than 0.1% of the dose intravenously administered and the gastrointestinal absorption is poor (approximately 5% of the dose orally administered was excreted in the urine). In lactating rats receiving 0.5 mmol/kg of intravenous [153Gd]-gadobutrol, 0.01% of the total administered radioactivity was transferred to the pup via maternal milk, within 3 hours after administration. Embryolethality and retardation of embryonal development also occurred in pregnant rats receiving maternally toxic doses of gadobutrol (= 7.5 mmol/kg body weight; equivalent to12 times the human dose based on body surface area) and in pregnant rabbits (= 2.5 mmol/kg body weight; equivalent to 8 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area). In rabbits, this finding occurred without evidence of pronounced maternal toxicity and with minimal placental transfer (0.01% of the administered dose detected in the fetuses).

9.1.2 Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation

◉ Summary of Use during Lactation

Gadobutrol is one of the most stable gadolinium agents, theoretically making it one of the safer drugs to use during breastfeeding. Guidelines developed by several professional organizations state that breastfeeding need not be disrupted after a nursing mother receives a gadolinium-containing contrast medium. However, because there is no published experience with gadobutrol during breastfeeding, other agents may be preferred, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant.

◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants

Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk

Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

9.1.3 Antidote and Emergency Treatment

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/
Currance, P.L. Clements, B., Bronstein, A.C. (Eds).; Emergency Care For Hazardous Materials Exposure. 3rd revised edition, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis, MO 2007, p. 160
/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/
Currance, P.L. Clements, B., Bronstein, A.C. (Eds).; Emergency Care For Hazardous Materials Exposure. 3rd revised edition, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis, MO 2007, p. 160
/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/
Currance, P.L. Clements, B., Bronstein, A.C. (Eds).; Emergency Care For Hazardous Materials Exposure. 3rd revised edition, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis, MO 2007, p. 160-1

9.1.4 Human Toxicity Excerpts

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Anaphylactic and other hypersensitivity reactions with cardiovascular, respiratory or cutaneous manifestations, ranging from mild to severe, including death, have uncommonly occurred following Gadavist administration. Before Gadavist administration, assess all patients for any history of a reaction to contrast media, bronchial asthma and/or allergic disorders. These patients may have an increased risk for a hypersensitivity reaction to Gadavist. Administer Gadavist only in situations where trained personnel and therapies are promptly available for the treatment of hypersensitivity reactions, including personnel trained in resuscitation. Most hypersensitivity reactions to Gadavist have occurred within half an hour after administration. Delayed reactions can occur up to several days after administration. Observe patients for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions during and following Gadavist administration.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 6, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Overall, approximately 4% of subjects reported one or more adverse reactions during a follow-up period that ranged from 24 hours to 7 days after Gadavist administration. Adverse reactions associated with the use of Gadavist were usually mild to moderate in severity and transient in nature. Adverse reactions that occurred in >/= 0.1% subjects who received Gadavist /were headache, nausea, dizziness, dysgeusia, feeling hot, injection site reactions, vomiting, rash (includes generalized, macular, papular, pruritic), pruritus (includes generalized), erythema, hypersensitivity/anaphylactoid, dyspnea, and paresthesia./ /from table/
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 9, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Adverse reactions that occurred with a frequency of < 0.1% in subjects who received Gadavist include: loss of consciousness, convulsion, parosmia, tachycardia, palpitation, dry mouth, malaise and feeling cold.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 9, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The following additional adverse reactions have been reported during postmarketing use of Gadavist. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Cardiac arrest, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), and hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylactic shock, circulatory collapse, respiratory arrest, pulmonary edema, bronchospasm, cyanosis, oropharyngeal swelling, laryngeal edema, blood pressure increased, chest pain, angioedema, conjunctivitis, hyperhidrosis, cough, sneezing, burning sensation, and pallor).
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 9, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Gadavist in pregnant women. GBCAs cross the human placenta. Limited human data on exposure to GBCAs during pregnancy does not show adverse effects in exposed neonates....
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 9, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92

9.1.5 Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ In rat lactation studies, gadobutrol was present in milk in amounts less than 0.1% of the dose intravenously administered and the gastrointestinal absorption is poor (approximately 5% of the dose orally administered was excreted in the urine). In lactating rats receiving 0.5 mmol/kg of intravenous [153Gd]-gadobutrol, 0.01% of the total administered radioactivity was transferred to the pup via maternal milk, within 3 hours after administration.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of Gadavist in pregnant women. GBCAs cross the human placenta. ... Animal reproductive studies were conducted. Embryolethality but no teratogenic effects were observed in monkeys, rabbits and rats. ...
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 9, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92
/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Neurotoxicity/ Embryolethality and retardation of embryonal development also occurred in pregnant rats receiving maternally toxic doses of gadobutrol (= 7.5 mmol/kg body weight; equivalent to12 times the human dose based on body surface area) and in pregnant rabbits (= 2.5 mmol/kg body weight; equivalent to 8 times the recommended human dose based on body surface area). In rabbits, this finding occurred without evidence of pronounced maternal toxicity and with minimal placental transfer (0.01% of the administered dose detected in the fetuses).
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92

9.1.6 Populations at Special Risk

NEPHROGENIC SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for NSF among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 5, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92

9.2 Ecological Information

9.2.1 Milk Concentrations

In rat lactation studies, gadobutrol was present in milk in amounts less than 0.1% of the dose intravenously administered and the gastrointestinal absorption is poor (approximately 5% of the dose orally administered was excreted in the urine). In lactating rats receiving 0.5 mmol/kg of intravenous [153Gd]-gadobutrol, 0.01% of the total administered radioactivity was transferred to the pup via maternal milk, within 3 hours after administration.
NIH; DailyMed. Current Medication Information for Gadavist- gadobutrol injection (Updated: December 2014). Available from, as of March 12, 2015: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=3c5101a0-0c7e-4078-8dc3-a57beb9a0e92

10 Literature

10.1 Consolidated References

10.2 NLM Curated PubMed Citations

10.3 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.4 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

10.5 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

11 Patents

11.1 Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers

11.2 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.3 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

11.4 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

12 Classification

12.1 MeSH Tree

12.2 ChEBI Ontology

12.3 UN GHS Classification

12.4 MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology

13 Information Sources

  1. ChEBI
  2. ClinicalTrials.gov
    LICENSE
    The ClinicalTrials.gov data carry an international copyright outside the United States and its Territories or Possessions. Some ClinicalTrials.gov data may be subject to the copyright of third parties; you should consult these entities for any additional terms of use.
    https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/about-site/terms-conditions#Use
  3. Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
  4. Drugs@FDA
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise noted, the contents of the FDA website (www.fda.gov), both text and graphics, are not copyrighted. They are in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from FDA. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the source is appreciated but not required.
    https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/about-website/website-policies#linking
  5. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
    LICENSE
    Use of the information, documents and data from the ECHA website is subject to the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice, and subject to other binding limitations provided for under applicable law, the information, documents and data made available on the ECHA website may be reproduced, distributed and/or used, totally or in part, for non-commercial purposes provided that ECHA is acknowledged as the source: "Source: European Chemicals Agency, http://echa.europa.eu/". Such acknowledgement must be included in each copy of the material. ECHA permits and encourages organisations and individuals to create links to the ECHA website under the following cumulative conditions: Links can only be made to webpages that provide a link to the Legal Notice page.
    https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/legal-notice
    Gadolinium, [rel-10-[(2R,3S)-2-(hydroxy-kappa.O)-3-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl)propyl]-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7- triacetato(3-)-kappa.N1,kappa.N4,kappa.N7,kappa.N10, kappa.O1,kappa.O4,kappa.O7]-
    https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.277.996
    Gadolinium, [rel-10-[(2R,3S)-2-(hydroxy-kappa.O)-3-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl)propyl]-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7- triacetato(3-)-kappa.N1,kappa.N4,kappa.N7,kappa.N10, kappa.O1,kappa.O4,kappa.O7]- (EC: 841-506-9)
    https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/286805
  6. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  7. Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
    LICENSE
    HMDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (HMDB) and the original publication (see the HMDB citing page). We ask that users who download significant portions of the database cite the HMDB paper in any resulting publications.
    http://www.hmdb.ca/citing
  8. FDA Medication Guides
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise noted, the contents of the FDA website (www.fda.gov), both text and graphics, are not copyrighted. They are in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from FDA. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the source is appreciated but not required.
    https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/about-website/website-policies#linking
  9. Wikidata
  10. PubChem
  11. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
    LICENSE
    Works produced by the U.S. government are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any such works found on National Library of Medicine (NLM) Web sites may be freely used or reproduced without permission in the U.S.
    https://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html
  12. GHS Classification (UNECE)
  13. MolGenie
    MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology
    https://github.com/MolGenie/ontology/
  14. NCBI
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