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2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid

PubChem CID
114481
Structure
2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid_small.png
2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid_3D_Structure.png
Molecular Formula
Synonyms
  • 13252-13-6
  • PERFLUORO(2-METHYL-3-OXAHEXANOIC) ACID
  • 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
  • GenX
  • Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid
Molecular Weight
330.05 g/mol
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Dates
  • Create:
    2005-03-26
  • Modify:
    2025-01-04
Description
2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid is a perfluorinated compound that is 2-propoxypentanoic acid in which all 11 of the hydrogens attached to carbon atoms have been replaced by fluorine atoms. Used as an alternative to perfluorooctanoic acid in the fluoropolymer industry for years, its widespread environmental distribution, high bioaccumulation capability, and human exposure have caused great concern, particularly as its potential toxicity and health risk is still largely unknown. It is a monocarboxylic acid, a perfluorinated compound and an ether.

1 Structures

1.1 2D Structure

Chemical Structure Depiction
2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid.png

1.2 3D Conformer

2 Names and Identifiers

2.1 Computed Descriptors

2.1.1 IUPAC Name

2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
Computed by Lexichem TK 2.7.0 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)

2.1.2 InChI

InChI=1S/C6HF11O3/c7-2(1(18)19,4(10,11)12)20-6(16,17)3(8,9)5(13,14)15/h(H,18,19)
Computed by InChI 1.07.0 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)

2.1.3 InChIKey

CSEBNABAWMZWIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Computed by InChI 1.07.0 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)

2.1.4 SMILES

C(=O)(C(C(F)(F)F)(OC(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)F)O
Computed by OEChem 2.3.0 (PubChem release 2024.12.12)

2.2 Molecular Formula

C3F7OCF(CF3)COOH
S80 | PFASGLUEGE | Overview of PFAS Uses | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5029173
C6HF11O3
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)

2.3 Other Identifiers

2.3.1 CAS

75579-40-7
75579-39-4

2.3.2 Deprecated CAS

528603-31-8, 83551-64-8
528603-31-8

2.3.3 European Community (EC) Number

2.3.4 UNII

2.3.5 ChEBI ID

2.3.6 ChEMBL ID

2.3.7 DSSTox Substance ID

2.3.8 Nikkaji Number

2.3.9 Wikidata

2.3.10 Wikipedia

2.4 Synonyms

2.4.1 MeSH Entry Terms

  • 2,2,3-trifluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)oxirane
  • 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3,heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
  • 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
  • 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate
  • 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
  • 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propionic acid
  • ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate
  • ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate
  • ammonium 2-(perfluoropropoxy)perfluoropropionate
  • ammonium perfluoro(2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic) acid
  • ammonium perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoate
  • azanium;2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate
  • C6HF11O3.H3N
  • GenX ammonium perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoate
  • GenX perfluoro(2-propoxypropanoate)
  • GenX perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid
  • GenX potassium salt
  • GenX-K
  • GenX-Na
  • hexafluoroepoxypropane
  • hexafluoropropene oxide
  • hexafluoropropylene oxide
  • hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid
  • hexafluoropropylene oxide tetramer acid
  • hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid
  • HFPO hexafluoropropylene oxide
  • HFPO-DA
  • HFPO-DA hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid
  • HFPO-TA
  • HFPO-TA hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid
  • HFPO-TeA
  • HFPO-TeA hexafluoropropylene oxide tetramer acid
  • HFPO-TrA
  • HFPO-TrA hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid
  • HFPO2 compound
  • per- and polyfluoroalkyl ether acids
  • perfluoro(2-propoxypropanoate)
  • perfluoro-2-(propyloxy)propionic acid
  • perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid
  • perfluoro-2-propoxypropanoic acid
  • perfluoro-2-propoxypropionic acid
  • PFEA per- and polyfluoroalkyl ether acids
  • potassium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate
  • propanoic acid, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)-, potassium salt (1:1)
  • propanoic acid, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)-, sodium salt (1:1)
  • sodium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate

2.4.2 Depositor-Supplied Synonyms

3 Chemical and Physical Properties

3.1 Computed Properties

Property Name
Molecular Weight
Property Value
330.05 g/mol
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
XLogP3-AA
Property Value
3.6
Reference
Computed by XLogP3 3.0 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
Property Value
1
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
Property Value
14
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Rotatable Bond Count
Property Value
4
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Exact Mass
Property Value
329.97500367 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Monoisotopic Mass
Property Value
329.97500367 Da
Reference
Computed by PubChem 2.2 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Topological Polar Surface Area
Property Value
46.5 Ų
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Heavy Atom Count
Property Value
20
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Formal Charge
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Complexity
Property Value
383
Reference
Computed by Cactvs 3.4.8.18 (PubChem release 2024.11.20)
Property Name
Isotope Atom Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
Property Value
1
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
Property Value
0
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
Property Value
1
Reference
Computed by PubChem
Property Name
Compound Is Canonicalized
Property Value
Yes
Reference
Computed by PubChem (release 2021.10.14)

3.2 Experimental Properties

3.2.1 Physical Description

Liquid

3.2.2 Vapor Pressure

-1.49 ± 0.01 [log Psd at 298.15 K (Pa)]
J. Chem. Eng. Data 2020, 65, 2332-2342 DOI:10.1021/acs.jced.9b00922

3.2.3 Enthalpy of Sublimation

85.4 ± 3.2 [ΔsubHb (kJ/mol) at 296.1-311.2 K]
J. Chem. Eng. Data 2020, 65, 2332-2342 DOI:10.1021/acs.jced.9b00922

3.2.4 Collision Cross Section

127.5 Ų [M-H-CO2]- [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI-; Dataset: PFAS]

126.89 Ų [M-H-CO2]-

198.61 Ų [2M-H]-

S79 | UACCSCEC | Collision Cross Section (CCS) Library from UAntwerp | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4704648

3.3 Chemical Classes

3.3.1 PFAS

PFAS -> Perfluoroethercarboxylic acids

PFAS -> Negative ionization

PFAS (ether-substituted perfluoroalkyl (linear) caborxylic acids_i, n=3)
S46 | PFASNTREV19 | List of PFAS reported in Non-Target HRMS Studies from Liu et al 2019 | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.2656744
PFAS -> Identified in migrating and extractable food contact chemical data
S118 | PFASFCCMIGEX | 68 PFAS in Migrating & Extractable Food Contact Chemicals (FCCmigex) | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.11090482
PFAS -> Other/unspecified
S9 | PFASTRIER | PFAS Suspect List of fluorinated substances from X. Trier and colleagues | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.2621988
S14 | KEMIPFAS | PFAS Highly Fluorinated Substances List from KEMI | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.2621524
S89 | PRORISKPFAS | List of PFAS Compiled from NORMAN SusDat | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5769582
S96 | ECIPFAS | Updatable List to add PFAS Structures to Public Resources from ECI (UniLu) | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.6389740
PFAS -> non-polymer
S80 | PFASGLUEGE | Overview of PFAS Uses | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5029173
PFAS -> PFAS with analytical method available
S95 | PFASANEXCH | PFAS List from the NORMAN PFAS Analytical Exchange Activity | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.6384309
PFAS -> OECD Category
S25 | OECDPFAS | List of PFAS from the OECD | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.2648775
PFAS -> Suspected persistent, mobile, toxic (PMT) PFAS or PFAS-like compounds
S111 | PMTPFAS | Fluorine-containing Compounds in PMT Suspect Lists | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.8417074
PFAS (C6HF11O3)
S79 | UACCSCEC | Collision Cross Section (CCS) Library from UAntwerp | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4704648
PFAS -> PFalkylether carboxylic acids (PFECA)
S102 | PARCPFAS | List of PFAS from PARC WP4 | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.7576112
PFAS -> Intentionally added food contact chemicals
S117 | PFASFCCDB | 140 PFAS from FCCdb | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.11065904
PFAS -> Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl ether
S80 | PFASGLUEGE | Overview of PFAS Uses | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5029173
PFAS

5 Chemical Vendors

6 Use and Manufacturing

6.1 Uses

• Processing aid [Ref: DEP. 2011. Consent Order Issued under the Water Pollution Control Act to E. .I Du Pont de Nemours and Company.]

• All other basic organic chemical manufacturing - processing aid [Ref: USEPA]

S80 | PFASGLUEGE | Overview of PFAS Uses | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5029173
non-polymer PFAS -> Chemical Industry -> Fluoropolymer processing aid for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
S80 | PFASGLUEGE | Overview of PFAS Uses | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.5029173

6.1.1 Use Classification

PFAS (ether-substituted perfluoroalkyl (linear) caborxylic acids_i, n=3)
S46 | PFASNTREV19 | List of PFAS reported in Non-Target HRMS Studies from Liu et al 2019 | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.2656744
PFAS -> PFalkylether carboxylic acids (PFECA)
S102 | PARCPFAS | List of PFAS from PARC WP4 | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.7576112
PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) -> OECD Category
S25 | OECDPFAS | List of PFAS from the OECD | DOI:10.5281/zenodo.2648775
PFAS
J. Chem. Eng. Data 2020, 65, 2332-2342 DOI:10.1021/acs.jced.9b00922

6.1.2 Industry Uses

  • Processing aids, not otherwise listed
  • Intermediates

6.2 U.S. Production

Aggregated Product Volume

2019: <1,000,000 lb

2018: <1,000,000 lb

2017: <1,000,000 lb

2016: <1,000,000 lb

6.3 General Manufacturing Information

Industry Processing Sectors
All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing
EPA TSCA Commercial Activity Status
Propanoic acid, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)-: ACTIVE
EPA TSCA Regulatory Flag
PMN - indicates a commenced PMN (Pre-Manufacture Notices) substance.

7 Safety and Hazards

7.1 Hazards Identification

7.1.1 GHS Classification

Note
Pictograms displayed are for 72.4% (97 of 134) of reports that indicate hazard statements. This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 27.6% (37 of 134) of reports.
Pictogram(s)
Corrosive
Irritant
Signal
Danger
GHS Hazard Statements

H302 (68.7%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

H314 (72.4%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]

H318 (67.9%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

H335 (68.7%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]

Precautionary Statement Codes

P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501

(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.)

ECHA C&L Notifications Summary

Aggregated GHS information provided per 134 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 37 of 134 reports by companies. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

There are 4 notifications provided by 97 of 134 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).

Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown.

7.1.2 Hazard Classes and Categories

Acute Tox. 4 (68.7%)

Skin Corr. 1B (72.4%)

Eye Dam. 1 (67.9%)

STOT SE 3 (68.7%)

7.2 Regulatory Information

California Safe Cosmetics Program (CSCP) Reportable Ingredient

Hazard Traits - Toxicity Undefined

Authoritative List - CECBP - Priority Chemicals

Report - if used as a fragrance or flavor ingredient

REACH Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC)

Substance: 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propionic acid

EC: 236-236-8

Date of inclusion: >16-Jul-2019

Reason for inclusion: Equivalent level of concern having probable serious effects to human health (Article 57(f) - human health); Equivalent level of concern having probable serious effects to the environment (Article 57(f) - environment)

8 Toxicity

8.1 Toxicological Information

8.1.1 RAIS Toxicity Values

Oral Chronic Reference Dose (RfDoc) (mg/kg-day)
3e-06
Oral Chronic Reference Dose Reference
DWSHA
Oral Subchronic Chronic Reference Dose (RfDos) (mg/kg-day)
3e-05
Oral Subchronic Chronic Reference Dose Reference
DWSHA

8.1.2 USGS Health-Based Screening Levels for Evaluating Water-Quality

Chemical Classes
PFAS
MCL (Maximum Contaminant Levels)[μg/L]
0.01
Benchmark Remarks
Also known as GenX chemicals. Final Rule (https://www.regulations.gov/, in Docket No. EPA-HQ-OW-2022-0114; https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2024-04/pfas-npdwr_prepubfederalregisternotice_4.8.24.pdf). EPA also set a Hazard Index MCL of 1 for mixtures of two or more of PFHxS, HFPO–DA, PFNA, and PFBS.
Reference
Smith, C.D. and Nowell, L.H., 2024. Health-Based Screening Levels for evaluating water-quality data (3rd ed.). DOI:10.5066/F71C1TWP

8.2 Ecological Information

8.2.1 US EPA Regional Screening Levels for Chemical Contaminants

Resident Soil (mg/kg)
2.30e-01
Industrial Soil (mg/kg)
3.50e+00
Tapwater (ug/L)
1.50e-02
MCL (ug/L)
1.0E-02(G)
Risk-based SSL (mg/kg)
1.5e-05
MCL-based SSL (mg/kg)
1e-05
Chronic Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day)
3e-06
Volatile
Volatile
Mutagen
Mutagen
Fraction of Contaminant Absorbed in Gastrointestinal Tract
1
Soil Saturation Concentration (mg/kg)
1.92e+06

8.2.2 US EPA Regional Removal Management Levels for Chemical Contaminants

Resident Soil (mg/kg)
7.00e-01
Industrial Soil (mg/kg)
1.10e+01
Tapwater (ug/L)
4.40e-02
MCL (ug/L)
1.0E-02 (G)
Chronic Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day)
3e-06
Volatile
Volatile
Mutagen
Mutagen
Fraction of Contaminant Absorbed in Gastrointestinal Tract
1
Soil Saturation Concentration (mg/kg)
1.92e+06

9 Literature

9.1 Consolidated References

9.2 NLM Curated PubMed Citations

9.3 Springer Nature References

9.4 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Literature

9.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Literature

9.6 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Literature

10 Patents

10.1 Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers

10.2 WIPO PATENTSCOPE

10.3 Chemical Co-Occurrences in Patents

10.4 Chemical-Disease Co-Occurrences in Patents

10.5 Chemical-Gene Co-Occurrences in Patents

11 Biological Test Results

11.1 BioAssay Results

12 Classification

12.1 MeSH Tree

12.2 ChEBI Ontology

12.3 ChemIDplus

12.4 UN GHS Classification

12.5 NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification

12.6 EPA DSSTox Classification

12.7 EPA TSCA and CDR Classification

12.8 PFAS and Fluorinated Organic Compounds in PubChem

12.9 EPA Substance Registry Services Tree

12.10 CCS Classification - Baker Lab

12.11 MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology

13 Information Sources

  1. Baker Lab, Chemistry Department, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
    HFPO-DA (GenX)
    CCS Classification - Baker Lab
    https://tarheels.live/bakerlab/
  2. NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
    LICENSE
    Data: CC-BY 4.0; Code (hosted by ECI, LCSB): Artistic-2.0
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid
    NORMAN Suspect List Exchange Classification
    https://www.norman-network.com/nds/SLE/
  3. USGS Health-Based Screening Levels for Evaluating Water-Quality Data
    Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)
    https://water.usgs.gov/water-resources/hbsl/index.html
  4. California Safe Cosmetics Program (CSCP) Product Database
  5. European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
    LICENSE
    Use of the information, documents and data from the ECHA website is subject to the terms and conditions of this Legal Notice, and subject to other binding limitations provided for under applicable law, the information, documents and data made available on the ECHA website may be reproduced, distributed and/or used, totally or in part, for non-commercial purposes provided that ECHA is acknowledged as the source: "Source: European Chemicals Agency, http://echa.europa.eu/". Such acknowledgement must be included in each copy of the material. ECHA permits and encourages organisations and individuals to create links to the ECHA website under the following cumulative conditions: Links can only be made to webpages that provide a link to the Legal Notice page.
    https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/legal-notice
    2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propionic acid
    https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.032.928
    2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propionic acid (EC: 236-236-8)
    https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database/-/discli/details/58242
  6. CAS Common Chemistry
    LICENSE
    The data from CAS Common Chemistry is provided under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 license, unless otherwise stated.
    https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
    2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
    https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=13252-13-6
  7. ChemIDplus
    ChemIDplus Chemical Information Classification
    https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/ChemIDplus
  8. EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
    LICENSE
    The U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce these documents, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. These documents may be freely distributed and used for non-commercial, scientific and educational purposes.
    https://www.epa.gov/web-policies-and-procedures/epa-disclaimers#copyright
    Propanoic acid, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)-
    https://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting
  9. EPA Chemicals under the TSCA
    Propanoic acid, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropoxy)-
    https://www.epa.gov/chemicals-under-tsca
    EPA TSCA Classification
    https://www.epa.gov/tsca-inventory
  10. EPA DSSTox
    (-)-Perfluoro(2-propoxypropionic) acid
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/DTXSID301028719
    (+)-Perfluoro(2-propoxypropionic) acid
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/DTXSID5040839
    Perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/DTXSID70880215
    CompTox Chemicals Dashboard Chemical Lists
    https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical-lists/
  11. FDA Global Substance Registration System (GSRS)
    LICENSE
    Unless otherwise noted, the contents of the FDA website (www.fda.gov), both text and graphics, are not copyrighted. They are in the public domain and may be republished, reprinted and otherwise used freely by anyone without the need to obtain permission from FDA. Credit to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the source is appreciated but not required.
    https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/about-website/website-policies#linking
  12. Risk Assessment Information System (RAIS)
    LICENSE
    This work has been sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Environmental Management, Oak Ridge Operations (ORO) Office through a joint collaboration between United Cleanup Oak Ridge LLC (UCOR), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and The University of Tennessee, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The Institute for Environmental Modeling (TIEM). All rights reserved.
    https://rais.ornl.gov/
    Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)
    https://rais.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/tools/TOX_search
  13. ChEBI
    2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:143205
  14. ChEMBL
    LICENSE
    Access to the web interface of ChEMBL is made under the EBI's Terms of Use (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html). The ChEMBL data is made available on a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/).
    http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Information/termsofuse.html
  15. EPA Regional Screening Levels for Chemical Contaminants at Superfund Sites
    Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)
    https://epa-prgs.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/chemicals/csl_search
    Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA)
    https://epa-prgs.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/chemicals/csl_search?tool=rml
  16. Japan Chemical Substance Dictionary (Nikkaji)
  17. Suuberg Lab, School of Engineering, Brown University
  18. Springer Nature
  19. Wikidata
    2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid
    https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29387971
  20. Wikipedia
  21. PubChem
  22. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
    LICENSE
    Works produced by the U.S. government are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any such works found on National Library of Medicine (NLM) Web sites may be freely used or reproduced without permission in the U.S.
    https://www.nlm.nih.gov/copyright.html
    ammonium 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)-propanoate
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2015972
  23. GHS Classification (UNECE)
  24. EPA Substance Registry Services
  25. MolGenie
    MolGenie Organic Chemistry Ontology
    https://github.com/MolGenie/ontology/
  26. PATENTSCOPE (WIPO)
CONTENTS